TrầnTrang EnglishTheory Phonetics



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Prepositions

  1. In

In a hurry, in a way, in all, in common, in danger, in debt, in difficult, in general,

in other words, in particular, in prison, in private, in public, in secret, in tears.

  1. They get on well with each other because they have so much____.

  2. The main character knew that she was____ and she managed to escape.

  3. She must have been ____ because she rushed past me without saying hello.

  4. This book contains 224 pages____.

  5. ____ I like spy stories but I didn’t enjoy that particular one.

  6. Graham Greece’s novels are all good, but I like The Captain and the Enemy____.

  7. He didn’t want anyone to know, so he told them____.

  8. The hero had spent all his money and was____.

  9. Let me know if you’re ____ and I will see if I can help you at all.

  10. He seems charming____, but____ he’s aggressive and disagreeable.

  11. If someone says, “I agree with you____” it means, ____, that they don’t really agree.

  12. At the end of the story the heroine was ____ because her husband was____.

  1. On, out of....

On business, on duty, on purpose, on the other hand, on the house, on the telephone, on the whole, on holiday/ vacation, on time, on your own, out of date, out of order, out of reach, out of stock, out of work, out of doors

  1. It’s important to arrive ____ if you’re meeting someone____.

  2. The lift is ____ so we will have to use the stairs.

  3. Surely you don’t want to sit____, why don’t you join us?

  4. There was nothing to pay because Harry, the owner, said their meal was____.

  5. When we’re____ we always like to eat out____ if the weather’s nice.

  6. Don’t get angry, I didn’t break the plate____.

  7. Last year’s diary is no use because it is____.

  8. We’re not____ so I will ring you from a public phone.

  1. Frozen food is certainly convenient but, ____, fresh food tasted much better.

  2. He lost his job last year and he’s been ____ ever since.

  3. The frying pan is on the top shelf, it’s____.

  4. I couldn’t get any mustard – it was ____ at my local shop.

  5. A policeman shouldn’t join you for a drink if he’s ____.

  6. ____ I must say that I prefer eating at home to eating out.

III. Fill the blanks with these following phrasal verbs

let down (disappoint), set out, leave out (omit), stand by (support), turn up, stand up, turn over, turn down, have on (wear), give up, give away (reveal), run into (collide with), run out of, run over (kill or injure), run after (chase), run into (meet unexpectedly), run away with (leave secretly or illegally), give back (return), pull down (demolish), set up, let in (allow to enter)

  1. It’s a very exclusive restaurant, they won’t ____ anyone ______ wearing jeans.

  2. I’m sorry that I ____ you ____by arriving so late.

  3. If you can’t answer a question, don’t ____ it - guess the answer.

  4. It’s a shame that all the old buildings have been ____.

  5. He braked suddenly to avoid ____ a dog but he lost control and ____ a tree.

  6. You won’t believe thus: the pub has ____ beer.

  7. We were walking past the farm when a large black dog started to ____ us.

  8. I ____ an old school friend of mine the other day.

  9. Mrs. Brown has ____ her best friend’s husband.

  10. As they had a long way to go, they ____ early in the morning.

  11. An organization was ____ to help unemployed people and their families.

  12. A good friend will ____ you in good times and bad.

  13. Everyone ____ while the national anthem was played.

  14. There’s no need to make an appointment, you can ____ at any time.

  15. If you ____ the next page, you’ll see exercise 12.1.

  16. He was happy in his work and ____ the offer of promotion.

  17. When I’d read the books I ____ them ____ to her.

  18. Smoking again? I thought you ____ smoking.

  19. He ____ his best suit ____ for the interview.

  20. This information is secret, don’t ____ it ____ to anyone.

Phrasal Verb

1. account for: give a good reason for, explain satisfactorily (some action or expenditure).



  • A treasure must account for the money he spends.

  • He has behaved in the most extraordinary way, I can’t account for his action at all.

(I can’t account for his behaving like that)

2. ask after/for somebody: ask for news of



  • I met Tom at the party, he asked after you. (asked how you were/ how you were getting on)

3. ask for

  • ask to speak to

    • Go to the office and ask for my secretary

  • request, demand

    • The men asked for more pay and shorter hours

4. ask someone in: invite him to enter the house

  • He didn’t ask me in, he kept me standing at the door while he read the message

5. ask someone out: invite someone to an entertainment of to a meal (usually in a public place)

6. back somebody up: support morally or verbally

  • The headmaster never backed up his staff. If a parent complained about a teacher he assumed that the teacher was in the wrong.

7. be against: be opposed to (often used with gerund) – be for: be in favour of

  • I’m against/for doing nothing till the police arrive.

8. be away: be away from home/ this place for at least a night.

9. be back: have returned after a long or short absence



  • I want to see Mrs. Pitt. Is she in? – No, I’m afraid she’s away for the weekend.

No, I’m afraid she’s out at the moment.

When will she be back? - She will be back in half an hour/ next week.



10. be over: be finished.

  • The storm is over now, we can go on.

11. be up: be out of bed

  • Don’t expect her to answer the doorbell at eight o’clock on Sunday morning. She won’t be up.

12. it is up to someone (often followed by an infinitive) = it is his responsibility or duty.

  • It is up to the government to take action on violence.

  • I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you. (You must continue by your own efforts)

13. blow out: extinguish (a flame) by blowing

  • The wind blew out the candle.

14. blow up: destroy by explosion, explode, be destroyed

  • They blew up the bridges so that the enemy couldn’t follow them.

  • Just as we got to the bridge it blew up.

15. break down: collapse, cease to function properly, owing to some fault or weakness (often used of machine)

  • The car broke down when we were driving through the desert and it took us two days to repair it.

  • The negotiations broke down (were discontinued) because neither side would compromise.

16. break in, break into

  • enter by force

    • Thieves broke in and stole the silver/ The house was broken into when the owner was on holiday.

  • interrupt someone by some sudden remark

    • I was telling them about me travels when he broke in with a story of his own.

17. break off

  • detached and become detached

    • He took a bar of chocolate and broke off a bit.

    • A piece of rock broke off and fell into the pool at the foot of the cliff.

  • terminate (used of agreements or negotiations) or stop talking suddenly, interrupt oneself.

    • Ann has broken off her engagement to Tom.

    • They were in the middle of an argument but broke off when someone came into the room.

18. break out

  • Begin(used of evils such as wars, epidemics, fires etc)

    • War broke out in 4 August.

  • Escape by using force from a prison etc

    • They locked him up in a room but he broke out (smashed the door and escaped)

19. break up: terminate (used of school terms, meetings, parties etc)

  • The school broke up on 30 July and all the boys went home for the holidays.

  • The meeting broke up in confusion.

20. bring up: educate and train children

  • She brought up her children to be truthful.

21. burn down: destroy, or be destroyed completely by fire (used of buildings)

  • The mob burned down the embassy

  • The hotel burnt before help came.

22. call at a place: visit for a short time

  • I called at the bank and arranged to transfer some money.

23. call for: visit a place to collect a person or thing

  • I am going to a pop concert with Tom. He is calling for me at eight so I must be ready then.

  • Let’s leave our suitcases in the left luggage office and call for them later on when we have the car.

24. call on: to formally invite or ask somebody to speak; to ask or demand that somebody do something.

  • He called on all the housewives in the area and asked them to sign the petition.

25. call off: cancel something not yet started, or abandon something already in progress.

  • They had to call off (cancel) the match as the ground was too wet to play on.

26. call out: summon someone to leave his house to deal with a situation outside. It is often used of troops when they are required to leave their barracks to deal with civil disturbances.

  • The police couldn’t control the mob so troops were called out.

  • The Fire Brigade was called out several times on the night of 5 November to put out fires started by fireworks.

  • Doctors don’t much like being called out at night.

27. call up

  • Summon for military service

    • In countries where there is conscription, men are called up at the age of eighteen.

  • Telephone

    • I called Tom up and told him the news.

28. not to care about: to be indifferent to

  • The professor said that he was interested only in research; he didn’t really care about students.

29. care for

  • Like (seldom used in the affirmative)

    • He doesn’t care for films about wars.

  • Look after (not much used except in the passive)

    • The house looked well cared for (had been well looked after/ was in good condition)

30. carry on (with): continue (usually work or duty)

  • I can’t carry on alone any longer, I will have to get help.

  • The doctor told her to carry on with the treatment.

31. carry out: perform (duties), obey(orders, instructions), fulfill (threats)

  • You are not meant to think for yourself, you are here to carry out my orders.

  • The Water Board carried out their threats to cut off our water supply.(they threatened to do it & they did it

  • He read the instructions but he didn’t carry them out.

32. catch up with, catch up: overtake, but not pass

  • I started last in the race but I soon caught up with the others.

  • You’ve missed a whole term, you will have to work hard to catch up with the rest of the class.

40. clean out a room/ cupboard/ drawer etc: clean and tidy it thoroughly

  • I must clean out the spare room.

41. clear away: remove articles, usually in order to make space, disperse

  • Could you clear away these papers?

  • The clouds soon cleared away and it became quite warm.

42. clear out a room/ cupboard/ drawer etc: empty it, usually to make room for something else

  • I will clear out this drawer and you can put your things in it.

43. clear up

  • become fine after clouds or rain

    • The sky looks a bit cloudy now but I think it will clear up.

  • Make tidy or clean

    • When you are cooking, it’s best to clear up as you go, instead of leaving everything to the end and having a terrible pile of things to deal with.

44. come across/upon: find by chance

  • When I was looking for my passport I came across these old photographs.

45. come along/on: come with me, accompany me.

“Come on” is often said to someone who is hesitating or delaying.



  • Come on, or we will be late.

46. come out

  • Be revealed, exposed (the subject here is normally) the truth/the facts/the whole story etc and usually refers to facts which the people concerned were trying to keep hidden, i.e. scandals etc.

    • They deceived everybody till they quarreled among themselves, then one publicly denounced the others and the whole truth came out.

  • Be published (of books)

    • Her new novel will be coming out in time for the Christmas sales.

47. come around: finally accept a previously opposed suggestion

  • Her father at first refused to let her study abroad but he came round (to it) in the end. (said she could go)

48. come round/to: recover consciousness

  • When we found him he was unconscious but he came round/to in half an hour and explained that he had been attacked and robbed.

49. cut down a tree: fell it (to cut down a tree; to make somebody fall to the ground)

  • If you cut down all the trees you will ruin the land

50. cut down: reduce in size or amount

  • We must cut down expenses or we will be getting into debt.

  • “This article is too long,” said the editor. “Could you cut it down to 2,000 words?”

51. cut off: disconnect, discontinue supply (usually of gas, water, electricity etc). The object can either be the commodity or the person who suffers.

  • The Company has cut off our electricity supply because we haven’t paid out bill.

  • We were cut off in the middle of our (telephone) conversation. (This might be accidental or a deliberate action by the switchboard operator)

52. be cut off: be inconveniently isolated (the subject is usually a place or residents in a certain place)

  • You will be completely cut off if you go to live in that village because there is a bus only once a week.

53. cut someone off: form a barrier between him and safety (often used in connexion with the tide)

  • We are cut off by the tide and had to be rescued by boat.

54. die away: become gradually fainter till inaudible.

  • They waited till the sound of the guard’s footsteps died away.

55. die out: become extinct (of customs, races, species of animals)

  • Elephants would die out if men could shoot as many as they wished.

56. do away with: abolish

  • The government should do away with the regulations restricting drinking hours.

57. do up: redecorate

  • When I do this room up I will paint the walls cream.

58. do without: manage in the absence of a person or a thing

  • We had to do without petrol during the fuel crisis.

The object is sometimes understood but not mentioned

  • If there isn’t any milk we will have to do without (it).

59. drop in: pay a short unannounced visit

  • He dropped in for a few minutes to ask if he could borrow your power drill.

60. fade away: disappear, become gradually fainter (usually of sounds)

  • The band moved on and the sound faded away.

To be adjective + preposition


To be adjective + to

Acceptable to

Accessible to

Accustomed to

Addicted to

Agreeable to

Clear to

Close to


Next to

Contrary to

Cruel to

Dedicated to

Delightful to

Equal to


Exposed to

Faithful to

Grateful to

Harmful to

Important to

Indifferent to

Kind to

Likely to



Lucky to

Married to

Meaningful to

Meaningless to

Moved to tears

New to


Nice to

Open to


Obliged to

Opposed to

Opposite to

Pleasant to

Preferable to

Related to

Sentenced to

Similar to

Superior to

Inferior to

Thankful to


To be adjective +for

Accountable for

Available for

Bad for


Good for

convenient for

difficult for

eager for

eligible for

essential for

early for

late for


famous for

well-known for

fit for

suitable for



perfect for

prepared for

ready for

responsible for

sorry for

useful for



to be adjective – at

aim at


clumsy at

skillful at

bad at

good at


slow at

quick at


astonished at

amazed at

surprised at

alarm at


brilliant at

clever at

excellent at

great at


hopeless at

present at




To be adjective + of

Afraid of

Aware of

Conscious of

Fond of

Independent of



Jealous of

Scared of

Short of

Terrified of

Ahead of

Considerate of

Capable of

Full of


Innocent of

Positive of

Sick of

Sure of


Worthy of

Ashamed of

Confident of

Envious of

Irrespective of

Proud of


Tired of

Suspicious of



To be adj +in

Absorbed in

Backward in

Deficient in

Engaged in

Inexperienced in

Fruitful in

Interested in

Instrumental in
poor in

Successful in

Weak in

Accurate in



Careless in

Earnest in

Experienced in


Fortunate in

Honest in

Involved in

Rich in


Persistent in

Specialized in

Weary in

To be adj + from

Apart from

Away from

Free from

Exempt from

Missing


Safe from

Absent from

Far from

Different from

Evident from

Resulting from

Beneficial from

To be adj + on

Dependent on

Insistent on

Keen on


To be adj+ with

Acquainted with

Angry with

Fed up with

Bless with

Concerned with

Contrasted with

Familiar with

Friendly with

Enclosed with

Patient with

Satisfied with

Affected with

Bored with

Upset with

Busy with

Connected with

Crowded with



Filled with

Furnish with

Ill with

Popular with

Strict with

To be adj+ about

Anxious about

Confused about

Generous about

Particular about

Serious about

Concerned about

Doubtful about

Happy about

Pleased about

Worried about

Curious about

Excited about

Nervous about

Sad about

Uneasy about







Note: different prepositions lead to different meaning in some adjectives


  1. Afraid for

Afraid of

  1. Answerable for

Answerable to

  1. Concerned about

Concerned with

  1. Familiar to

Familiar with

  1. Right about

Right for

  1. Pleased about

Pleased at

Pleased with




  1. Engaged in

Engaged to

  1. Anxious about

Anxious for

  1. Good at

Good for

Good about

Good to

Good with



  1. Moved to tears

Moved at

  1. Confident in

Confident of



  1. Angry about

Angry at

Angry with



  1. Generous with money

Generous about

  1. Free of

Free from

  1. Glad for sb

Glad of st

  1. Sorry about

Sorry for

  1. Bad at

Bad for


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