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Verb Tenses Practice

  1. Put the verbs in the blanks into correct tenses

  1. At present, Ali is in her class, she (sit)________at her desk. She usually (sit)____at the same desk everyday.

  2. Ann (not go)_________downtown yesterday morning.

  3. I hope they (repair)__________ this road by the time we come back next summer.

  4. I’m afraid. I am not quite ready – Never mind. I (wait)_______

  5. When we come to her house, she (already/leave)__________

  6. Since classes (begin)_______, I (not/have)________much free time.

  7. She (watch)_____an interesting program on TV last night.

  8. When the phone (ring)________, I (sleep)_______

  9. Now, Kelly (read)_____an article in the newspaper, but she (not understand)_______it. Some of the vocabulary (be) _______too difficult for her.

  10. Brain (teach) ____English in 1998

  11. They (sell)________ orange juice here.

  12. Last night, I (read)_________ a newspaper while my father (watch)________ television.

  13. Hi, Anna, I (not see) _______you for weeks. What you (do)_____lately?

  14. He (say)_____that he (already/ see) Ann.

  15. How long you (work)__________ as a cook?

  16. She (eat)________ dinner when her friend came.

  17. A: No, I’m not going away for the weekend. I’m staying at home. I (start)_____ building my garage.

B: you (do)_______it all by your self?

A; no, my nephew (help)_________me.



  1. Come back in an hour. I (do)_________ my packing by then.

  2. It’s not uncommon for people to fall asleep on trains but snoring loudly in public is another matter. One day recently I (read)________ my newspaper on the train when I (become)________aware of a loud snoring coming from the opposite man. As the train (come)__________into the last station on the line, I (give)_______him a sharp poke with my umbrella to wake him up. In stead of being grateful, he (look)__________at me furiously; he (not be)________ asleep at all!! The snoring (come) from the dog who (lie)_______ at his feet.

  3. My friend (travel)________ on a domestic flight in South America a few year ago. They (go)________for about forty minutes, when the pilot (suddenly start) __________speaking excitedly in Spanish. Most of the passengers (run)______forward, shouting, and in panic, my friend (get) _______ into the crash position, leaning forward his head between his knees. He (sit)_______ like that for some minutes when the stewardess kindly (explain)_______to him that they (fly)_______over the Angel Falls, and would he like to look out of the window like other passengers?

  4. An Australian woman traveling home from Melbourne (drive)_________ down a narrow road one dark evening when she (enter)________ a tunnel. Although a little surprised at this, as she (not notice)______that tunnel on that road before, she (carry)_________on. But after half an hour of twisting and turning, she (run out)_____of petrol. It (be)________completely dark in the tunnel, so she (decide)_______to wait for help. She (only wait)_______for a few minutes when three men came towards her. Rather surprisingly, the three man (wear)_______ helmets with lamps on the front. The three men (seem)_____ even more surprised to see her. It was then when the woman (realize)______ that she ( drive)______ into a coal mine.




  1. Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct forms

  1. Yesterday I went with my sister (buy)_____something for her birthday. She didn’t really know what (get)______ but she seemed (like) ______ the idea of a pet, o she went to the nearest pet shop. She started (look)________ around at all the animals. The man in the shop let her (pick up) ______ the rabbits and stroke the hamsters but when she saw some puppies (play)_____in the box she said she would like (have)_________one of them.

  2. It’s obvious he’s only interested in (make)_________money.

  3. Anna couldn’t find a taxi so I offered (drive)_______her to the station.

  4. I managed (book)_______two seats on the morning flight.

  5. I promised (send) ________ to send her the new brochure as soon as possible.

  6. Peter was delighted (meet)_______a former colleague at the conference.

  7. I avoid (take)_____ the car whenever possible, especially in big cities.

  8. My father hates (wear)_____a tie to work.

  9. We can’t afford (take)________ a vacation this summer.

  10. Would you mind (open) ______the window?

  11. Tom suggested (climb)________to the top.

  12. He left without (say)______ a word.

  13. She managed (lose)________ a lot of weight.

  14. (swim)______helps you keep fit.

  15. They made him (tell)_______ them the truth.

  16. We are sorry (inform) ______ you that you have failed the exam.

  17. I’d love (go)_____to the cinema tonight.

  18. I look forward to (see)________you again soon.

  19. It’s no use (try)_____to make him change his mind.

  20. I don’t know how (do)_____this kind of exercise.

  21. I’ve tried (eat)_____mango many times, but it’s still terrible.

  22. Oh dear, you look so bad in that dress, try (wear)______ the pink one over there! It’ll make you (become)______Cinderella.

  23. My mother is an amazing woman. She is 87 years old and she still enjoys (go)______ out for a walk every day. She doesn’t mind (do)_____all her housework and she’s glad (help)_____ her elderly neighbors when they can’t (go)____to the shop. She’s too old (dig)_____the garden any more- she stopped (do)_____that last year- but she still healthy enough (mow)_____the glass! In the summer, she still goes (swim)____ when it’s warm and she lets her grandchildren (bury)_____her in the sand. She often says “ it’s no good (be)______ alive if you don’t enjoy yourself”. I’d love (be)____like my mother when I am in her age.

  24. I’ve always wanted (go) ____to China and last year my dream came true. I love (travel)_____. The travel agent suggested (visit)_____ the Great Wall first. After (see) ______ Beijing, we flew to Canton because it’s too far (go)______ by train. I enjoyed (fly)______ over the fields and villages.


Thể Bị động (Passive Voice)

Là hình thức nhấn mạnh vào chủ thể chịu tác động của hành động (O) và bản thân hành động (V), ít quan tâm đến chủ thể gây ra hành động (S).


Notes: O phải là chủ thể chịu tác động của hành động

Ex: I gave my brother a picture ( my brother là chủ thể chịu tác động của hành động “gave”)

Nhưng “I have a brother” (a brother chỉ là một tân ngữ đơn thuần và không chịu tác động của hành động “have”)



  • Tân ngữ có 2 dạng:

    • Odirect: tân ngữ trực tiếp, thường là tân ngữ chỉ vật

    • Oindirect: tân ngữ gián tiếp, thường là tân ngữ chỉ người

Thông thường có kiểu câu

      • S+V+Od+giới từ+Oi: I bought a present for him

      • S+V+Oi+Od : I bought him a present

Ex: I gave him a gift

=> He was given a gift

A gift was given to him

Nếu chọn tân ngữ trực tiếp làm tân ngữ để chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động, phải chủ ý đến giới từ nối giữa “phân từ 2” và tân ngữ gián tiếp.

Một vài cụm động từ phổ biến:

Cause sb st => cause st to sb Write sb st => write st to sb

Lend sb st => lend st from sb Send sb st => send st to sb



  • V: phải là động từ gây tác động cho tân ngữ, không nhất thiết phải là động từ chính của câu, nhưng phải thỏa mãn đồng thời 3 điều kiện : (1) là một động từ thường, (2) là một động từ hành động (phân biệt với động từ chỉ trạng thái, tri giác, cảm giác) ,(3) là một ngoại động từ (có tân ngữ)

  • S: nếu là các đại từ hoặc danh từ đại chúng, có thể bỏ “by S” trong cấu trúc câu bị động

  1. Các bước chuyến câu chủ động sang câu bị động

Tìm O ở câu chủ động => chuyển thành S ở câu chủ động

Tìm V (động từ gây tác động cho O) => chuyển thành dạng PII ­và các thành phần đi kèm

Tìm S ở câu chủ động => biến đổi thành cấu trúc “by S” nếu cần

Cụ thể ta có các câu trúc câu bị động sau đây



  1. Câu bị động thông thường

Công thức chung ta có : S + tobe +PII+ (by O)

Trong cấu trúc câu trên, S, PII, by O là thành phần cố định, tobe là biến thể và biến đổi theo thì



  • Thì hiên tại đơn giản có tobe là : am, is, are vì thế ta có cấu trúc câu bị đông như sau:

S+am/is/are+PII+(by S)

Tương tự như thế ta có công thức câu bị động ở các thì như sau:



  • Thì quá khứ đơn:

S+VQK+ O => S+was/were+ PII+ (by S) Ex: They buit that bridge in 1985=> That bridge was built in 1985

  • Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

S+am/is/are+ Ving+ O => S+ am/is/are+being+PII+(by S)

  • Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn

S+ was/were+ Ving+ O => S + was/were+ being+ PII+ (by S)

Ex: At that time, they were building a bridge=> At that time, a bridge was being built.

Ex: They are building that bridge=> That bridge is being built


  • Thì hiện tại hoàn thành

S+has/have+PII+ O=> S+has/have+been+PII+ (by S)

Ex: They have just built a bridge=> A bridge has just been built



  • Thì quá khứ hoàn thành

S+had+PII+ O=> S+had+been+PII+ (by S)

Ex: They had built a bridge before spring came=> A bridge had been built before spring came



  • Thì tương lai đơn

S+will+V+O=> S+will+be+PII+ (by S)

Ex: they will build a new bridge in 2 years=> A new bridge will be built in 2 years



  1. Các dạng bị động đặc biệt

    • Do=> Done

Can do => can be done must do=> must be done ought to do=> ought to be done

Could do=> could be done have to do=> have to be done might do=> might be done

Should do=> should be done would do=> would be done
Ex: you must carry out this task immediately => this task must be carried out immediately


    • To do=> to be done

To be going to do=> to be going tobe done to be able to=> to be able to be done

Used to do=> used to be done seem/appear to do=> seem/appear to be done

Want/wish/would like/ would prefer sb to do st=> want st to be done

Ex: Tom used to hit me when I was small=> I used to be hit by Tom when I was small

I want you to clean the floor=> I want the floor be cleaned


    • Ving=> being done (xem bảng những động từ theo sau là Ving)

Ex: He likes people call him “sir” => He likes being called “sir”

I remember Tom beating me once=> I remember being beaten once by Tom



    • It tobe said that

S (people/they) +V (said, believe, think, + that + 1 MĐ → it +tobe+VPII that+S+V

understand, estimate,

claim, report, consider,

find, acknowledge) S+ to be + VPII+ to do st/to have done st/ to be doing st

Ex: they said that he killed his wife people claim that he has killed three people


  • it was said that he killed his wife => it is claimed that he has killed three people

  • he was said to kill his wife => he is claimed to have killed three people

    • Thể truyền khiến: (nhờ ai đó làm ji)

Have sb do st=> have st done ex: I have my brother mend my jeans=> I have my jeans mended by my brother

Get sb to do st=> get st done ex: I get my brother to mend my jeans=> I get my jeans mended by my brother



Câu điều kiện (conditional sentences)

  1. Câu điều kiên

  1. Loại 1: dùng để diến tả một hành động có thể có thật ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. Một khi hành động ở MĐ điều kiện được đáp ứng, thì hành động ở MĐ chính sẽ xảy ra

MĐ điều kiện (MĐ if)

MĐ chính (main clause)

Chia ở các thì:

      • hiện tại đơn giản,

      • hiện tại tiếp diễn

      • hiện tại hoàn thành




Chia ở các thì:

  • tương lại đơn, tương lai tiếp diễn, tương lai hoàn thành

  • cấu trúc với đông từ khuyết thiếu (can, must, should, may, might),

  • thức mệnh lệnh

Ex: if he comes, I won’t go there

If he is working in the office, don’t make so much noise

If you have finish your work, you can go home

If the teacher isn’t going to HN tomorrow, we will be learning maths at this time tomorrow

If we have 2 lessons a week, we will have finished by next June


  1. Loại 2

Dùng để diễn tả một hành động không có thực ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

Dùng để khuyên nhủ hoặc ước muốn



MĐ if

MĐ chính

Chia ở các thì:

  • Quá khứ đơn

  • Quá khứ tiếp diễn

  • Quá khứ hoàn thành

Would/could do st

Ex: if Thanh spoke English, he could find a better job

If I were younger, I would apply for that job

If I were you, I would tell the truth to him


  1. Loại 3

Dùng để diễn đạt một hành động không có thật ở quá khứ

MĐ if: Quá khứ hoàn thành MĐ chính: would/could have + PII

Ex: if he had worked hard, he could have pass the exam


  • he didn’t work hard, so he didn’t pass the exam

  1. Loại hỗn hợp (loại 2 và 3)

Dùng để diễn đạt một điều kiên không có thật ở quá khứ nhưng để lại “hậu quả” đến hiện tại

Ex: if I hadn’t been absent from class yesterday, I could answer the teacher’s question this morning

Mệnh đề điều kiện


  1. Đứng đầu mệnh đề điều kiện là các từ

  • If: nếu

  • Unless = if not: trừ khi

Ex: if he doesn’t come, I’ll go there

=. Unless he come, I’ll go there



  • Trợ động từ +S = if +S+ V ( cấu trúc đảo của câu điều kiện)

Ex: if I had known your address, I would have written for you

  • Had I known you address, ………….

  • Supposed that/ on condition that/ provided that/ providing that:với điều kiện là

Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 1

I’ll forgive him if he apologizes to me=> I’ll forgive him on condition that he apologizes to me



  • In case: trong trường hợp, phòng khi

Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 1

Ex: take your umbrella with you in case it rains



  • So long as/as long as : chừng nào, miến là- thường dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 1.

Ex: so long as he asks me, I wil stay

  • Even if: thậm chí, nếu

Ex: you must finish it today even if you have to work all night

  • But for/ without+ N : nếu không

Ex: I could finish the report in time because she helped me

  • but for/without her help, I couldn’t have finished the report in time

  1. Wish

    • Wish là động từ thường

      • Wish to do st = would like/want to do st

He wishes to become a doctor

      • Wish sb to do st= would like/want sb to do st

I wish him to work harder

      • Wish sb st : chúc ai đó điều ji

Wish you happiness: chúc cậu hạnh phúc

    • Wish là động từ cầu khiến- câu ước

      • Ước muốn điều ji đó không có thật ở hiện tại

Wish +S+VQK st ex: he wishes he could speak English

I wish Tom were here today



      • Diễn đạt một điều ji đó không có thật đang xảy ra ở hiện tại

Wish +S+were Ving st

Ex: I wish I were watching the football match on TV now



      • Ước muốn điều ji đó không có thật ở quá khứ

Wish +S+had+P­II

Ex: I wish I had taken your advice



      • Ước muốn một điều ji đó không có thật ở hiện tại nhưng có thể xảy ra ở tương lai

Wish sb would do st

Ex: we wish they would stop making bombs



  1. If only: giá

    • Hy vọng : if only sb do st

Ex: if only he passes the exam (hy vọng là anh ta sẽ đỗ trong kỳ thi này)

    • Ước muốn một điều ji đó không có thật ở hiện tại: if only Sb did st

Ex: if only I had a car (bây giờ tôi không có xe)

    • Ước muốn một điều ji đó không có thật ở quá khứ: if only Sb had done st

Ex: if only I hadn’t bought that second hand car (ước ji ngày trước tôi đã không mua cái xe đó)

    • Ước muốn một điều ji đó không có thật ở hiện tại nhưng có thể xảy ra ở tương lai: if only sb would do st

Ex: if only my father would work near our home

  1. As if/ as though: cứ như thể là

    • Diễn đạt khả năng có thể có thật ở hiện tại: as if/ as though Sb do st

Ex: he looks as if he has got a headache (anh ta nhìn cứ như thê là bị đau đầu ấy)

    • Diễn đạt khả năng không có thật ở hiện tại : as if/ as though Sb did st

Ex: she talks as if she knew everything ( sự thật là cô ta chả biết ji cả)

She talks to me as if she were my mother (cô ta nói với tôi cứ như thể là cô ta là mẹ tôi ấy)



    • Diễn đạt một khả năng không có thật ở quá khứ: as if/ as though Sb had done st

Ex: you talk as though you had been there yesterday (cậu nói chuyện cứ như thể là cậu ở đó ngày hôm qua ấy )

  1. It is ( about/high/right) time: đã đến lúc

    • đã đến lúc sắp sửa làm ji đó

It is (about/hight/right) time for sb to do st

Ex: it is time for us to have lunch



    • Diễn đạt hành động không có thật ở hiện tại: It is (about/high/right) time sb did st

Ex: it is about time you found a job ( đến lúc cậu đi tìm một công việc rồi đấy- hiện tại đang thất nghiệp)

    • Đã đến lúc đang làm ji rồi (thông thường diễn tả một thói quen nhưng hiện tại không thể thực hiện đươc)

It is (about/high/right) time sb were doing st

Ex: it is high time we are having dinner ( đáng lẽ ra giờ này là nhà tớ đang ăn cơm đấy)



  1. Would rather/would sooner: thích

    • Thông thường, would rather/sooner + do st than do st (thích làm ji hơn)  prefer doing st to doing st

I’d rather stay at home than go out

    • Diễn đạt một hành động không có thật ở hiện tại

Would rather/would sooner Sb did st

Ex: I would rather she stopped smoking (tôi thích bây giờ cô ấy bỏ thuốc lá)



conditional sentence

  1. Write the sentences, put the verbs into the correct tenses.

  1. If you’d stayed at home, there (not be)________ any trouble.

  2. What would you do if he (resign)__________?

  3. It’s a pity John didn’t come to the football. He (like)_________it.

  4. I’ll do it if he (ask)_________me.

  5. I wouldn’t have been so upset if Judy (write)___________to me earlier.

  6. If we offered him more money, he (stay)________ here?

  7. If she’s gone out, we (ask)_________Peter to do it for us.

  8. I (look)________after the bag if you carry the children.

  9. We would have missed the train if we (be)______________two minutes later.

  10. It’s a pity Terry wasn’t at the party. He (love)______________it.

  11. If only I (not buy)__________it.

  12. I wish I (not buy)___________it.

  13. It’s time he (get)___________married.

  14. Phone the police if you (see)____________anything strange.

  15. I’m going to scream if you (not stop)___________ playing that guitar.

  16. He talks as if he (be)___________there yesterday.

  17. I’d sooner she (stop)_________smoking.

  18. I wish he (take)__________our advice that day.

  19. The children always (get)__________frighten if they watch honor films.

  20. I don’t know what I’d do if John (be)___________in an accident.

  21. If only I hadn’t called him a liar, he (go)_____________out with another girl.

  22. So long as they still have money, they (be)___________happiness.

  23. You should put some more rice in case your brother (come)__________home today.

  24. You must go even if you (not be)_________ready.

  1. Rewrite the following sentences.

  1. She went to bed late last night, so she couldn’t go to school on time.

………………………………………………………………………………

  1. We couldn’t go to the theater because it rained heavily.

……………………………………………………………………………….

  1. The wind was so strong that the tree in my garden was uprooted.

………………………………………………………………………………….

  1. He had an accident because he fell asleep while driving.

…………………………………………………………………………………

  1. I don’t have a guitar here. I can’t sing you a song.

………………………………………………………………………………..

  1. I need to finish my assignment so I can’t help you with your homework.

…………………………………………………………………………………

  1. Study hard or you may fail the exam.

…………………………………………………………………………………

  1. Without oil in the engine, the car will breakdown.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

  1. But for her help, I couldn’t have finished the report.

…………………………………………………………………………………

  1. Without her disapproval, he would have been given that job.

…………………………………………………………………………………….

  1. The house seemed to have been occupied for years (as if)

………………………………………………………………………………………

  1. Choose the correct sentence which has the same meaning as the given one.

  1. You should peel and chop the onion and then fry it.

    1. The onion should be peeled and chopped and then fired.

    2. The onion is peeled and chopped and fried

    3. The onion should be fried, peeled and chopped.

    4. The onion was peeled, chopped and fried.

  2. When you clean the machine, turn off the main supply.

    1. After you clean the machine, don’t forget to turn off the main supply.

    2. Before cleaning the machine, turn off the main supply.

    3. You turn off the main supply after you clean the machine.

    4. You should clean the machine when you turn off the main supply.

  3. My parents wanted me to go to university but I didn’t fancy it

    1. My parent wanted me to go to university but I didn’t.

    2. I didn’t fancy going to university as my parents did.

    3. I didn’t fancy going to university although my parents wanted me to go.

    4. I hardly fancied going to university but for my parents’ wish.

  4. Our garden was badly damaged in last week’s storm.

    1. Last week the garden has been damaged

    2. The storm has damaged our garden badly.

    3. Last week’s storm badly damaged our garden.

    4. The storm was damaged our garden last week.

  5. No one has been to collect the rubbish this week.

    1. The rubbish have not been collected this week.

    2. The rubbish has not been collected this week.

    3. The rubbish has been collected this week.

    4. The rubbish is not collected this week.

  6. Sales of snack-sized pizzas have increased this year.

    1. They increased the sale of snack-sized pizzas this year.

    2. There is an increase in sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.

    3. They had increased the sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.

    4. There has been an increase in sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.

  7. He prefers typing to writing by hand

    1. He doesn’t like to write by hand at all

    2. He likes typing better.

    3. He’d rather type than write by hand.

    4. He doesn’t like typing.

8. Unless you can swim, you aren’t allowed to sail this boat.

  1. Any one who wants to sail this boat must be able to swim.

  2. If you can’t swim, you’ll have to go in this boat.

  3. You may sail this boat whether you can swim or not.

  4. The only person allowed to swim are those in the boat.



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