IF ONLY (S + WISH) + S + HAD/ COULD HAVE + V-ed/3

1. She’ll be late for the bus unless she (start) …… at once.

2. If I (know) …… her telephone number, I’d give it to you.

3. If he (come) ……, please tell me.

4. If I made a promise, I (keep) …… it.

5. You could make better progress if you (attend) …… class regularly.

6. Had we known your address, we (write) …… you a letter.

7. If you (speak) …… more slowly, he might have understood you.

8. I’ll accept the job providing that the salary (be) …… good.

9. If I (not be) …… busy yesterday, I (visit) …… you.

10. I (not do) …… that if I (be) …… you.

11. Without his help, we (not finish) …… our work on time.

12. You should eat less meat if you (want) …… to lose weight.

13. Why didn’t you phone ? If I (know) …… you were coming, I (meet) …… you at the airport.

14. It’s a pity you missed the party. If you (come) ……, you (meet) …… my friends from Hungary.

15. If we (have) …… some tools, we (be able) …… to repair the car, but we haven’t got any with us.

16. I wish someone (give) …… me a job next month.

17. If only I (have) …… more time to do this work.

18. He missed an exciting football match on T.V. last night. He wishes he (watch) …… it.

19. I wish I (can take) …… the trip to Dalat with you next week.

20. He wishes his father (be) …… here now to help him.

ANSWERS

1. I don’t know her phone number, so I don’t ring her up.

- If I knew her phone number, I would ring her up.

2. Go right now or you’ll be late for the train.

3. It was very cold yesterday, so we couldn’t go swimming.

4. She’ll take us to the circus. She’ll get some tickets.

5. This chair is too heavy for him to move.

6. Mary didn’t come, so we cancelled the meeting.

7. I don’t know enough about the machine, so I can’t mend it myself.

8. Why don’t you stop smoking ?

9. Be calm, or you’ll make a wrong decision.

10. Without the air, we would die.

11. I’m sorry I didn’t help you yesterday.

- I wish I had helped you yesterday.

12. My mother isn’t here now.

- I wish my mother were here now.

13. I feel sick because I ate too much ice-cream.

- I wish I hadn’t eaten too much ice-cream.

14. I regret speaking to him so impolitely yesterday.

- I wish I had spoken to him so impolitely yesterday.

15. We have to work this Saturday.

- I wish I didn’t have to work this Saturday.

Exercise 3 – Find one choice that best completes the sentence.

1. If I were you, I …… that.

2. If I …… a wish, I’d wish for happiness for my family.

A. have B. been having C. had D. was having

3. If we had had time, we …… to the party.

A. can go B. will go C. would have gone D. will have gone

4. We couldn’t understand the teacher if he …… too fast.

5. If everything is all right, we …… our work on time.

A. complete B. are completing C. have completed D. will complete

6. What …… if the earth suddenly stopped going around the sun ?

A. happens B. will happen C. would happen D. happened

7. Unless you …… quiet, I’ll scream.

A. don’t keep B. keep C. kept D. didn’t keep

8. You’ll be able to speak English well if you …… hard.

9. If I …… you, I …… invitation.

A. am – will refuse B. was – will refuse

C. were – would refuse D. had been – will refuse

10. ……, I’d have told you the answer.

A. If you asked me B. Had you asked me

C. You had asked me D. Unless you asked me

11. We wish we …… a large house but we can’t afford it now.

A. have B. had C. can have D. will have

12. My friend won’t lend me his car. I wish ……

A. he lent me his car B. he didn’t lend me his car

13. My mother is not free today. I wish ……

A. my mother is free today B. my mother won’t be busy today

C. my mother would be free today D. my mother were free today

14. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money on me. I wish ……

A. I have got no money on me B. I have some money on me

C. I had some money on me D. I had got no money on me

15. I’m afraid out team will lose the game today. I wish ……

A. our team won the game today B. our team would win the game today

C. our team didn’t lose the game today D. our team had won the game today

1. My friends didn’t take part in the game. I wish ……

A. my friends took part in the game B. my friends had taken part in the game

C. my friends would take part in the game D. my friends did take part in the game

2. It wasn’t fine yesterday. I wish ……

A. it was fine yesterday B. it would fine yesterday

C. it will fine yesterday D. it had been fine yesterday

3. I wish I …… more time now to help you with your lesson.

A. have B. had C. would have D. had had

4. I wish I …… psychology when I was a college student.

5. I wish someone …… to help me with that work tomorrow.

A. offer B. offered C. would offer D. had offered

6. If only I …… play the guitar as well as you !

A. would B. should C. could D. might

7. I wish I …… my letter of application earlier.

A. wrote B. had written C. could write D. should write

8. If only he …… me a chance, I could have told him the truth.

A. gave B. has given C. could give D. had given

9. “Are you afraid to drive home ?” – “Yes, I wish …… stop snowing”

A. would B. it C. it would D. it will

10. I wish you’d tell me what I …… do in this difficult situation.

A. shall B. would C. should D. ought

11. If only he …… us the truth in the first place, things wouldn’t have gone so wrong.

12. I wish you …… make so much noise. I’m trying to work.

A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t

Exercise 5 – Supply the correct form or tense of the verb in brackets.

1. If Tom drove more carefully, he (not have) ...... so many accidents.

2. If she has free time, she (come) ...... to see you.

3. Unless Nick (be) ...... so lazy, he woudn’t fail in the exam.

4. If I (be) ...... you, I (take) ...... her advice.

5. If Nam (try) ...... harder, he will get good marks.

6. If she takes more exercises, she (lose) ...... weight.

7. Where ...... you (like) ...... to live if you didn’t live here ?

8. We’ll come to the meeting on time if we (start) ...... right now.

9. She’ll be late for the bus if she (not start) ...... at once.

10. If I (know) ...... her telephone number, I’d give it to you.

11. If he (come) ......, please tell me.

12. If I made a promise, I (keep) ...... it.

13. You could make better progress if you (attend) ...... class regularly.

14. Had we known your address, we (write) ...... you a letter.

15. If you (speak) ...... more slowly, he might have understood you.

16. What we (do) ...... if they (not come) ...... tomorrow?

17. If I (not be) ...... busy yesterday, I (visit) ...... you.

18. I (not do) ...... that if I (be) ...... you.

ANSWERS

5. tries 6. will lose 7. would you like 8. start

9. doesn’t start 10. knew 11. comes 12. would keep

13. attended 14. had written 15. had spoken 16. will you do/ don’t come

17. hadn’t been/ would have visited 18. wouldn’t do/ were

Exercise 6 – Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it.

1. Today is not Sunday. We have to get up early.

- If … today were Sunday, we would get up early.

2. My younger sister is not old enough. That’s why she can’t go to school by herself.

- If … my younger sister were old enough, she could go to school by herself

3. I didn’t know how to do the exercise because I was absent from class yesterday.

- Had … I been absent from class yesterday, I would have known how to do the exercise.

4. Tom failed the exam because he didn’t study hard enough.

- If … Tom had studied …, he wouldn’t have failed the exam.

5. She didn’t come because she didn’t know you were here.

- Had she … known you were here, she would have come.

6. We lost our way.We didn’t arrive on time.

- Unless … we had lost, we would have arrived on time.

7. We couldn’t save his life because we didn’t find him earlier.

- Had … we found him earlier, we could have saved his life.

8. You must go now or you will be late for school.

- If … you go now, you won’t be late for school.

9. They didn’t have a map. So they got lost.

- If … they had had a map, they wouldn’t have got lost.

10. Nam won’t be successful unless he works.

- If … Nam doesn’t work, he won’t be successful.

11. He will die if we don’t send him for a doctor.

- Unless … we send …, he will die.

12. You can’t visit the United States unless you get a visa.

- If … you don’t get …, you can’t visit the United States.

13. We don’t go on holiday because we don’t have enough money.

- If … we had had …, we would have gone on holiday.

14. Stop talking or the teacher will punish you.

- If … you stop talking, the teacher won’t punish you.

15. She speaks very fast, so we can’t hear her well.

- If … she didn’t speak very fast, we could hear her well.

Exercise 7 – Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.

1. If Bell hadn’t invented the telephone somebody else ......

A. would do it B. will have done it

C. would have done it D. had been doing it

2. If you hadn’t spent so much time making up, we ...... there by now.

3. The burglars wouldn’t have got in if you ...... the door.

A. have remembered to lock B. had remembered to lock

C. had remembered locking D. would have remembered locking

4. I’ll see you at nine ...... I phone to say I can’t come.

A. if B. unless C. when D. provided

5. She’d look nicer ...... she didn’t wear so much make-up.

A. if B. as if C. unless D. so that

6. He might have won if he ...... a bit faster.

A. ran B. would run C. had run D. would have run

7. “If Cleopatra’s nose ...... shorter, the whole history of the world ...... different”, said Pascal.

A. were/ would be B. had been/ would be

C. had been/would have been D. were/ would have been

8. I wish I ...... money when I was earning a good salary.

A. saved B. could save C. would have saved D. had saved

9. ...... I had been niver to my brother when we were kids.

A. If B. Only if C. If only D. Unless

10. You can’t open the door ...... you know the code.

11. I wrote down her address ...... I forgot it.

A. unless B. if C. in case D. when

12. It ...... a pity if she married that old man.

A. were B. must be C. should be D. would be

13. You may have a nervous breakdown if ......

C. you could go on like this D. went on like this

14. If people ……more sensible, there ……..any wars.

A. are/won’t be B. would be/ weren’t

15. If only you ...... how I feel about you.

A. understand B. can understand C. understood D. would be understood

16. People insure their houses ...... they catch fire.

17. In America, a lot of people carry guns ......

A. if someone tries to rob them B. unless someone tries to rob them

C. in case someone tries to rob them D. in case someone will try to rob them

18. I’d rather you...... that window.

A. don’t B. didn’t open C. hadn’t opened D. won’t open

19. You ...... to start working by now.

A. suppose B. supposed C. are supposed D. are supposing

20. If Joe hadn’t tried to murder that millionaire, he ...... in prison now.

1. You (A) must (B) take the test on Friday (C) unless you are (D) ready or not.

2. (A) If should you (B) require (C) anything, please (D) contact this number.

3. If he (A) hasn’t (B) used the brakes, he (C) might have (D) run over a pedestrian.

4. I wish I (A) didn’t go to (B) that (C) awful (D) party the other day.

5. (A) If you should have (B) had any difficulty (C) getting spare parts, (D) ring this number.

6. You’d (A) better (B) bring your raincoat in case it (C) will rain (D) later.

7. More people (A) would spend their holidays in England (B) unless the weather weren’t (C) so (D) unpredictable.

8. He’ll get (A) thrown out of school (B) if he starts (C) working (D) much harder.

9. It’s time you (A) must realize (B)that we (C) are (D) short of money.

10. (A) All planes will be (B) checking (C) before (D) departure.

11. If you (A) didn’t drink (B) so much at the banquet last night you (C) wouldn’t feel (D) so terrible now.

12. We (A) should meet in a different place (B) next time in case people (C) will notice us (D) together.

13. I’d rather you (A) don’t shout (B) so loudly (C) because the baby (D) is sleeping now.

14. They drove (A) directly (B) from Milan to Paris (C) without (D) stopping.

15. “(A) Why (B) don’t you ask that policeman?” “I’d rather you (C) ask (D) him.”

SUBJECT – VERB CONCORD

(HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ)

* QUY TẮC CHUNG :

S (plu) + V (plu)

S (sing) + V (sing)

* CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT :

1. S₁ + AND + S₂  V (sing)

(hai chủ ngữ cùng chỉ một người hoặc một vật)

2. S₁ + AND + S₂  V (plu)

(hai chủ ngữ chỉ hai người hoặc hai vật khác nhau)

ACCOMPANIED BY

3. S₁ + (TOGETHER) WITH + S₂ V

4. NONE +

N (plu)  V (plu)

EVERY

EACH

NEITHER

MANY OF

6. ALL OF + N (sing)  V (sing)

A LOT OF + N (plu)  V (plu)

PLENTY OF

FRACTIONS OF

PERCENTAGES OF

7. A NUMBER OF ……  V (plu)

THE NUMBER OF ……  V (sing)

8. NEITHER + S₁ + NOR + S₂ + V

NOT ONLY BUT (ALSO)

9. Khi chủ ngữ là tiêu đề (sách, phim, kịch, ...) thì động từ số ít.

10. Chủ ngữ là những từ như News, các từ chỉ các loại bệnh, môn học, tên là quần đảo hoặc liên bang, ... sẽ hòa hợp với động từ số ít.

11. Chủ ngữ là những từ như : People, Police, Cattle, Public …… sẽ hòa hợp với động từ số nhiều

12. N (taäp hôïp)

13. TO – INFI  V (sing)

A PHRASE

A CLAUSE

14. N + WHO / WHICH / THAT (S )  V

15. THERE + BE + N

16. THE + ADJECTIVE = ADJECTIVE + NOUN (plu.)  V(plu)

17. Chủ ngữ là những danh từ không đếm được sẽ hòa hợp với động từ ở số ít.

18. Chủ ngữ là những đại từ bất định (someone, everything, ...) sẽ hòa hợp với động từ ở số ít.

19. Chủ ngữ là những cụm từ số nhiều nhưng chỉ về khoảng thời gian, khoảng cách, đo lường, giá cả, ... sẽ hòa hợp với động từ ở số ít.
Exercise 1 – Choose the best answer, then underline it.

1. Every country (has / have) a national flag.

2. Either you or he (has / have) to apologize to her.

3. That you take a computer course (is / are) very necessary.

4. Both Mary and Peter (works / work) for this company.

5. The captain as well as the passengers (is / are) frightened.

6. The number of English learners (is / are) becoming greater and greater.

7. Very few people (know / knows) what has happened to her.

8. Most of my friends (lives / live) in Hanoi.

9. Five thousand pounds (was / were) stolen in the robbery.

10. The staff (isn’t / aren’t) happy with their new working conditions.

11. The Times (attracts / attract) a lot of readers.

12. Mathematics (is / are) my best subject at school.

13. There (is / are) different ways to do that work.

14. A lot of furniture in this shop (is / are) very expensive.

15. Mary doesn’t agree but the rest of them (does / do).

16. Writing many letters (makes / make) her happy.

17. A large number of people (has / have) applied for the job.

18. Whatever (happens / happen), remember to be calm.

19. Among the subjects I like best (is / are) English.

20. These cattle (is / are) on the way to the market.

21. The English (likes / like) to drink tea.

22. A pair of scissors (is / are) in the sewing basket.

23. Where (is / are) your luggage ?

24. The majority (has / have) agreed to let them go.

25. Whoever (knocks / knock) at the door, don’t open it.

1. Tom with his dog …… here now.

2. Tom as well as his dog …… here now.

3. My old friend and colleague, John, …… married.

5. The singer and actor …… coming now.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

6. The singer and the actor …… coming now.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

7. Mathematics …… difficult.

8. Two billion dollars … not enough for the victims of the war.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

9. Three years in a stranger land …… like a long time for lonely people.

A. is seeming B. are seeming C. seems D. seemed

10. The film “Titanic” …… very interesting.

11. Cattle …… allowed to graze here now.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

12. None of this money …… mine now.

13. None of them …… right now.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

14. Every student …… willing to join the picnic now.

15. If anyone ……, tell him I’ll be back later.

A. was calling B. called C. call D. calls

16. Each of the boys …… a book now.

A. have B. has C. had D. are having

17. Two thirds of the money …… mine now.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

18. About 60% of the students in this class …… from China.

A. was B. were C. are D. is

19. A number of sheep …… eating grass now.

A. are B. is C. was D. were

20. The number of books in this library …… large.

A. are B. is C. was D. were

Exercise 3 – Choose the best verb form to complete each of the following sentences.

1. Either you or I …… wrong.

2. Neither my glover nor my hat …… with this dress.

A. is going B. are going C. goes D. go

3. The poor living here …… help.

A. is needing B. are needing C. need D. needs

4. Several of the students …… absent yesterday.

A. has been B. had been C. were D. was

5. The great poet and novelist …… dead.

6. Neither Tom nor his friends …… yet.

A. had come B. have come C. hasn’t come D. haven’t come

7. My family …… very happy with that news yesterday.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

8. Everybody …… to do their best at present.

A. tries B. try C. is trying D. are trying

9. You can use my phone if yours ……

A. isn’t work B. aren’t work C. doesn’t work D. don’t work

10. A number of workers …… for a rise since last month.

A. ask B. asked C. has asked D. have asked
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ADJECTIVE CLAUSES/ RELATIVE CLAUSES

(MỆNH ĐỀ TÍNH NGỮ HOẶC MỆNH ĐỀ LIÊN HỆ)