2.
Methodology and procedure
The study adopts the metaphor theory of Lakoff & Johnson (1980) as a framework to
compare and contrast metaphorical expressions in English and Vietnamese. A number of
metaphorical expressions used with body parts in both languages were collected. The English
metaphorical expressions were gathered mainly from the works of Lakoff & Johnson (1980)
and Kövecses (2000), Vietnamese metaphorical expressions were chosen from Kieu Van
(2005), Cu Dinh Tu (1973) and corpus linguistics in both English and Vietnamese.
In order to validate the data, metaphorical expressions by body parts in English and
Vietnamese were examined through two phases. Firstly, the metaphorical expressions by
body parts were gathered and grouped into conceptual metaphors. In the second phase, each
English metaphorical expression with Vietnamese transcription and denotation or connotation
was exemplified for each conceptual metaphor. If an English metaphorical expression could
be found in Vietnamese with the same denotation or connotation and conceptual metaphor,
both metaphors were considered as completely equivalent, and if a metaphorical expression
had a different denotation or connotation, conceptual metaphor, and was absent in the other
language, it was considered as difference.
3.
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