Revision cách nhận biết từ loại: a. Cánh nhận biết danh từ



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REVISION

1. Cách nhận biết từ loại:

a. Cánh nhận biết danh từ: danh từ thường có các hậu tố sau:

-TION/ -ATION invention, information, education

-MENT development, employment

-ENCE/-ANCE difference, importance

-NESS richness, happiness, business

-ER (chỉ người) teacher, worker, writer, singer

-OR (chỉ người) inventor, visitor, actor

-IST (chỉ người) physicist, biologist, chemist

-AR/-ANT/-EE (chỉ người) beggar, assistant, employee

-ING teaching, schooling

-AGE teenage, marriage

-SHIP friendship, championship

-ISM (chủ nghĩa) pessimism, optimism

-(I)TY possibility, responsibility, reality, beauty

(verb)-AL refusal, arrival, survival

-TH warmth, strength, youth, truth, depth

b. Cánh nhận biết tính từ: tính từ thường có các hậu tố sau:

-FUL successful, helpful, beautiful

-LESS (nghĩa phủ định) homeless, careless

(noun)-Y (có nhiều) rainy, snowy, windy

(noun)-LY (có vẻ, hàng ngày giờ.ngày..) friendly, yearly, daily

-ISH selfish, childish

(noun)-AL (thuộc về) natural, cutural

-OUS nervous, dangerous, famous

-IVE active, expensive

-IC electric, economic

-ABLE comfortable, acceptable
c. Cánh nhận biết động từ: động từ thường có tiền tố hoặc hậu tố sau:

Tiền tố EN- endanger, enlarge, enrich (làm giàu), encourage (động viên)



-FY classify, satisfy, beautify

-IZE, -ISE socialize, modernize, industrialize

-EN widen, frighten

-ATE considerate, translate



d. Cánh nhận biết trạng từ: trạng từ thường có hậu tố -LY. Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently ...
Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ:

- good (a) well (adv): giỏi, tốt

- late (a) late: trễ, chậm lately (adv): mới đây, gần đây

- ill (a) ill (adv): xấu, tồi, kém

- fast (a) fast (adv): nhanh

- hard (a) hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm chỉ hardly (adv): hầu như không



2. Chức năng của một số từ loại:

a. Danh từ (Noun)


Sau tính từ (adj + N)

They are interesting books.

Sau

- mạo từ: a /an / the

- từ chỉ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, …

- từ chỉ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several ...

- tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its…

He is a student.

These flowers are beautiful.

She needs some water.



Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O)

She buys books.

She meets a lot of people.



Sau giới từ (prep. + N)

He talked about the story yesterday.

He is interested in music.



Trước V chia thì (N làm chủ từ)

The main has just arrived.

Sau enough (enough + N)

I don’t have enough money to buy that house.

b. Tính từ (Adj)


Trước N (Adj + N)

This is an interesting books.

Sau TO BE

I am tired.

Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem keep, make …

It becomes hot.

She feels sad.

The news made me happy.


Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, very, quite, rather, …

It is extremely cold.

I’m terribly sorry.

She is very beautiful.


Sau too ( be + too + adj)

That house is too small.

Trước enough (be + adj + enough)

The house isn’t large enough.

Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + that

She was so angry that she can’t speak.

A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) + Noun

My new car is blue.

Trong câu cảm thán:

- How + adj + S + V

- Wht + (a / an) + adj + N

How beautiful the girl is!

What an interesting film!



c. Trạng từ (Adv)

Sau V thường

He drove carefully.

Trước Adj

I meet an extremely handsome man.

Giữa cụm V

  • have / has + adv + V3/-ed

  • am/ is/ are + adv + V3/-ed

She has already finished the job.

The party was well prepared.



Đầu câu hoặc trước dấu phẩy

Unfortunately, I couldn’t come the party.

Sau too V + too + adv

They walked too slowly to catch the bus.

Trong cấu trúc V + so + adv + that

Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident.

Trước enough V + adv + enough

You should write clearly enough.


EXERCISE

Choose the best answers

  1. Life here is very _____.

A. peacefully B. peaceful C. peace D. peacefulness

  1. Women usually don’t shake hands when being _____.

A. introducing B. introduction C. introduced D. introducer

  1. He was so _____ that he had an accident.

A. caring B. careless C. careful D. carefully

  1. Farmers can enrich the soil by using ______.

A. fertile B. fertility C. fertilize D. fertilizers

  1. Nowadays, chemicals are ______ into some fruits to reduce decay.

A. injection B. injecting C. inject D. injected

  1. What’s your _______ ? – I’m Vietnamese.

A. nation B. national C. nationality D. international

  1. In this course, students receive _______ in the basic English grammar.

A. instruct B. instructional C. instruction D. instructive

  1. I _____ him for his honesty.

A. respective B. respectful C. respectable D. respect

  1. All of the students appreciate the ______ of English learning.

A. import B. important C. importantly D. importance

  1. We can enjoy live programmes through _______ satellites.

A. communicate B. communication C. communicative D. communicable

    1. Learning English has become a ______ in our country.

A. necessitate B. necessary C. necessity D. necessarily

    1. Computers are ______ used in schools and universities.

A. widely B. wide C. width D. widen

    1. He retired at the ______ of 60.

A. age B. old C. older D. elder

    1. My teacher always give us a clear ______.

A. explain B. explained C. explanatory D. explanation

    1. The _____ of the moon for the earth causes the tides.

A. attract B. attracted C. attractive D. attraction

    1. Your bad result made me ______ .

A. disappoint B. disappointment C. disappointed D. disappointing

    1. Getting such a well-paid job is very beyond my ______.

A. expect B. expected C. expecting D. expectation

    1. It has been proved ______ that the unemployment rates are increasing.

A. statistic B. statistics C. statistical D. statistically

    1. She has made an _______ for the job as a nursery teacher because she like children.

A. apply B. applicant C. application D. applicator

    1. Daisy has been out of work for 3 months. She stay at home and does the housework_______.

A. disappoint B. disappointed C. disappointedly D. disappointing

    1. She is a biologist. She is interested in _______ .

A. conserves B. conservancy C. conservation D. conservative

    1. There is no ______ for them to do that.

A. need B. needs C. needless D. needing

    1. The _____ development leads to our country’s prosperity.

A. industry B. industries C. industrial D. industrialize

    1. Farmers ______ their land to make it _______.

A. fertilize / product B. fertilizer / productive C. fertilize / production D. fertilize / productive

    1. Many communities are burning garbage and other biological waste products to produce ______.

A. electric B. electricity C. electrician D. electrify
UNIT 1: HOME LIFE

A. READING

- night shift: ………………………………………….

- biology ( ) - biologist ( ): ………………………………………..

- biological ( ): ……………………………………….

- join hands: work together ………………………………………..

- (be) willing to + V1: ………………………………………..

- household chores: ……………………………………….

- run the household: …………………………………………

- make sure …………………………………………

- rush = hurry = go quickly (v) ……………………………………

- responsibility ( ): …………………………………….

- responsible for (a): …………………………………….

- take the responsibility for + V-ing: …………………………………….

- pressure (n): …………………………………….

- (be) under pressure: …………………………………….

- caring (a) …………………………………..



- take out = remove: ……………………………………

- mischievous ( ): ……………………………………….

- mischief (n): …………………………………..

- give s.o a hand = help s.o: …………………………………..

- o’bedient (a) ≠ disobedient (a): ………………………………….

- obedience (n): ……………………………………

- obey ( ): ………………………………….

- close – knit: …………………………………..

- supportive of …………………………………..

- ‘frankly (adv): ……………………………………

- frank (a): ………………………………………

- make a decision = decide (v) ……………………………………

- solve (v): ……………………………………

- solution ( ): …………………………………

- secure (a) = safe (a) ………………………………..

- security (n): ……………………………….

- (be) crowded with …………………………………

- well – behaved (a): …………………………………

- confidence (n): …………………………………..



- confident in s.o (a): …………………………………….

- base (n) / based on = rely on ……………………………………



- come up = appear, happen ……………………………………

- hard-working (a) ………………………………………



- be good at ……………………………………………

Task 1 (Textbook page 14)

Task 2:

1. Who makes dinner in the family?

A. the father B. the daughter C. the son D. the mother

2. Which one is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. There are five people in the family.

B. The father sometimes goes home late.

C. The father doesn’t help anything in housework.

D. This family has a close-knit relationship.

3. What is the daughter attempting to do after secondary school?

A. win a place at university B. get over the study pressure

C. help her family with the household chores D. pass the final exam

4. How are the boys like?

A. always mischievouse B. never active

C. quite obedient and hard working D. sometimes obedient and hard working

5. The word “them” in the last line refers to ________

A. feelings B. problems C. solutions D. weekends



B. SPEAKING + C. LISTENING

Choose the best answer

1. “____________?” – Yes, I’d like to.

A. How do you do? B. How about something to drink

C. What about going shopping? D. What do you like doing?

2. I’d like the blue jacket, please? Can you try it on?. - “____________”

A. Yes, you would B. Yes, you must C. Yes, certainly D. Yes, you do

3. “Thanks a lot for your wonderful gift, Tom .” _ Tom: “_____________”

A. Thank you B Cheers. C. Have a good day D. You are welcome

4. Alice: “How about having a drive to the countryside this weekend?” - Mary: “_____________.”

A. Not at all B. That’s a good idea C. No, thanks D. Let’s go

5. An: “Do you think it will rain?” - Binh: “ Oh!__________”

A. I don’t hope so B. I don’t hope C. It’s hopeless D. I hope not



Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from others.

6. a. village b. dangerous c. gossip d. passenger

7. a. which b. changeable c. each d. characteristic

8. a. happy b. husband c. have d. hour

9. a. iron b. celebrate c. parents d. restaurant

10. a. who b. how c. which d. whose

11. a. friend b. anniversary c. birthday d. cream

12. a. competition b. competitor c. contest d. question

13. a. feat b. great c. seat d. beat

14. a. there b. than c. thought d. though

15. a. trial b. title c. diverse d. wilderness

Choose the word whose primary stress is different from others.

16. a. biologist b. counterpart c. compliment d. kindergarten

17. a. applicant b. maximum c. category d. inflation

18. a. renovation b. dictionary c. intervention d. expedition

19. a. simple b. polite c. formal d. instant

20. a. beautiful b. terrific c. wonderful d. marvelous

21. a. conical b. different c. romantic d. careful

22. a. cultural b. mischievous c. interesting d. responsible

23. a. financial b. service c. order d.company

24. a. hospital b. obedient c. supportive d. biology

25. a. family b. whenever c. occur d. solution
D. WRITING

- share (v) ………………………………………….

- rule (n) …………………………………………

Note:


Let + O + V1: để cho ai làm việc gì

Have to / has to + V1: phải

Allow / permit + O + to-inf: cho phép ai làm việc gì

Allow / permit + V-ing: cho phép

Be allowed / permitted + to-inf: được cho phép

Ex: She let me (use) ---------------------- her pen.

Students have to (wear) --------------------------- uniform when going to school.

My mother permitted me (go) ------------------------- out with my friends.

I was allowed (go) ----------------------- out with my friends.

She doesn’t allow (smoke) ----------------------- in her room.



EXERCISE

1. Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.

A B C D

2. The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it.



A B C D

3. Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years.

A B C D

4. I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer.



A B C D

5. I think it’s time you change your way of living.

A B C D

6. When I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years.



A B C D

7. The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant.

A B C D

8. We’ll be cycled to Hoa’s village at this time next Sunday.



A B C D

9. What will you do when your friends won’t come ?

A B C D

10. Some was knocking at the door when I was doing the washing up.



A B C D
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS

1. PRONUNCIATION:

* Cách phát âm của –s / -es

- Có 3 cách phát âm –s hoặc –es tận cùng.

* đọc thành âm /s/ với những từ có âm cuối là / p, f, k, t, θ /

* đọc thành âm /iz/ với những từ có âm cuối là / s, z, ∫, t∫, dƷ/

* đọc thành âm /z/ với những trường hợp còn lại

- Examples:

* /s/: maps, books, hats, coughs, laughs, photographs ….

* /iz/: buses, watches, roses, washes, boxes…..

* /z/: bells, eyes, plays ….

Note: Các từ: photograph, cough, laugh có âm cuối là âm /f/
2. GRAMMAR: TENSES

1. Hiện tại đơn (Simple present)

* Công thức:



V thường to be

S + V1/(s/es) S + am / is / are …

S + don’t / doesn’t + V1 S + am not / isn’t / aren’t ….

Wh- + do / does + S + V1…? Wh - + S + is / are …?

* Cách dùng:

- Chỉ thói quen ở hiện tại

Ex: She usually gets up at 6 a.m.

- Chỉ sự thật hiển nhiên, chân lý.



Ex: Water freezes at 0 degree centigrade.

- Chỉ hành động trong tương lai được đưa vào chương trình, kế hoạch.

Ex: The new school year begins on September 5th.

* Dấu hiệu:



every____ (every day, every week, every night,…..)

often, sometimes, usually, always, frequently, normally, occasionally, as a rule……

twice a week, once a week….

2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present progressive)

* Công thức:



S + am / is / are + V-ing

S + am / is are + not + V-ing

Wh- + am / is / are + S + V-ing…?

* Cách dùng:

- Chỉ hành động đang diễn ra trong lúc nói.

Ex: Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.

I am studying English now.

- Chỉ hành động dự kiến và có kế hoạch thực hiện trong tương lai gần.

Ex: We are having a birthday party next week.

- Chỉ hành động có tính chất tạm thời

Ex: Everyday she goes to work by car, but today she is going by train.

- Với chữ always đế diễn tả một hành động làm bực bội người khác, hay một lời phàn nàn…



Ex: He is always talking in the class.

- Hai hành động xảy ra song song ở hiện tại

Ex: She is cooking dinner while her husband is watching T.V now.

* Dấu hiệu:

- Câu bắt đầu bằng một mệnh lệnh như: Listen!, Look!, Pay attention!, Keep silent! Be quiet! Be careful....

hoặc các từ: now, right now, at the moment, at present, today, while, next…(chỉ một dự định)



3. Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present perfect):

* Công thức:



S + have / has + V3/-ed

S + haven’t / hasn’t + V3/-ed

Wh- + have / has + S + V3/-ed…?

* Cách dùng:

- Chỉ hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không có thời gian xác định.

Ex: I haven’t met him before.

- Chỉ hành động vừa mới xảy ra, hay vừa mới hoàn tất.



Ex: She has just finished her homework.

- Chỉ hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục trong tương lai.



Ex: My father has worked in this company for 10 years.

* Dấu hiệu:



never, ever, recently (gần đây), lately (mới đây), just (vừa mới), already (đã rồi)

since + mốc thời gian: từ, từ khi

for + khoảng thời gian,

so far, up to now, up to the present, until now: cho tới bây giờ

before (trước đây), yet, (dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi)

many times, several times: nhiều lần

how long, this is the first time / the second time, four times , five times

in the last / past + số năm in the last five years: trong năm năm qua

4. Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

* Công thức:




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