Phrasal structure in vietnamese and english newspaper headlines nguyen thi phuong lan department of english
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- Điều hướng trang này:
- INSTRUCTOR: PHD. NGUYEN NGOC VU
- PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN ENGLISH NEWSPAPER HEADLINES
- Pre-modified nominal headlines
- Here are some newspaper headlines in the form of noun phrases
- Nominal headlines with both pre- and post-modification
- Coordinated and appositional nominal headlines
- Headlines With An Omitted Copula Or Linking Verb
- Headlines which consist of a noun phrase functioning as a subject and an adverbial
- Simple tenses used instead of continuous or perfect forms.
- Auxiliary verbs are ommitted in the passive form
- PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN VIETNAMESE NEWSPAPER HEADLINES
- Verb alone Verbs that usually come with other verbs
- Head: Adjective Post-additive element
- NEWSPAPER HEADLINES IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE
- PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
- Adding Related Information
- Recovering Omitted Articles
- Reading Backward When Translating A Noun String
- Translating Omitted Auxiliary English Newspaper Headlines
PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN VIETNAMESE AND ENGLISH NEWSPAPER HEADLINESNGUYEN THI PHUONG LANDEPARTMENT OF ENGLISHHO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF PEDAGOGYINSTRUCTOR: PHD. NGUYEN NGOC VUHO CHI MINH CITY, DECEMBER, 2011CONTENT PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN VIETNAMESE AND ENGLISH NEWSPAPER HEADLINES 0 NGUYEN THI PHUONG LAN 0 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH 0 HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF PEDAGOGY 0 INSTRUCTOR: PHD. NGUYEN NGOC VU 0 HO CHI MINH CITY, DECEMBER, 2011 0 ABSTRACT 3 PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN ENGLISH NEWSPAPER HEADLINES 4 Nominal Headlines 5 Pre-modified nominal headlines: 5 Here are some newspaper headlines in the form of noun phrases: 5 Post-modified nominal headlines: 6 Nominal headlines with both pre- and post-modification 7 Coordinated and appositional nominal headlines 7 Headlines With An Omitted Copula Or Linking Verb 8 Headlines which consist of a noun phrase functioning as a subject and a subject complement 8 Headlines which consist of a noun phrase functioning as a subject and an adverbial 8 Verbal Headlines 9 Finite verb phrases 9 Simple tenses used instead of continuous or perfect forms. 9 The infinitive verbs refer to future 9 Auxiliary verbs are ommitted in the passive form 10 Non-finite verb phrases 10 Adjective Headlines 10 PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN VIETNAMESE NEWSPAPER HEADLINES 11 Nominal Headlines 11 Front elements 12 Head: 12
End element 12 Verbal Headlines 13 Central element 13 Verb alone 13 Verbs that usually come with other verbs: 13 Pre-additive element: 14 Post-additive element 14 Adjective Headlines 15 Front element: 15 Head: 15
Post-additive element: 15 NEWSPAPER HEADLINES IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE 15 PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS 16 Adding Title 17 Adding Related Information: 17 Recovering Omitted Articles 18 Reading Backward When Translating A Noun String 18 Translating Omitted Auxiliary English Newspaper Headlines 19 REFERENCES 21
ABSTRACTIn the age of information and technology, many people consider mass media in general and newspapers in particular as indispensable things in their lives. Newspapers help us getting updated with the latest events over the world. Nowadays, thanks to the internet, we can get access to a variety of newspapers in different languages, especially in English. However, the problem is that many people find English newspaper headlines too difficult to understand. Also, many students often face a big challenge of translating newspaper headlines from English into Vietnamese. Therefore, in this paper, I do a contrastive analysis of “PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN VIETNAMESE AND ENGLISH NEWSPAPER HEADLINES” with the aim of giving people some ideas of how to understand English newspaper headlines comparing to Vietnamese ones and the pedagogical application of how to translate newspaper headlines from English into Vietnamese. PHRASAL STRUCTURE IN ENGLISH NEWSPAPER HEADLINESNewspaper writers often use a special language in his papers and this is the most obvious with the headlines. A newspaper page has restricted space, so headline writers are limited by the layout of the page. They often have to break grammatical rules and use nonstandard structure to produce a successful headline which can save space. As a result of that, English newspaper headlines are realized to be more phrases than sentences. In the form of phrases, English newspaper headlines are divided into three basic groups: verbal, nominal and adverbial headlines. Nominal HeadlinesNoun phrase is the most common form of newspaper headlines. The headlines consisting of a noun phrase are classified into five categories: pre-modified nominal headlines, post-modified nominal headlines, nominal headlines with both pre- and post-modification, coordinated and appositional nominal headlines and headlines with an omitted copula or linking verb (Mardh, 1980, p58). Pre-modified nominal headlines:Head: Noun/Pronoun. Words used as Pre-modification include : Pre-determiner Identifiers. Numeral/quantifier Adjectives Noun modifier - Both definite and indefinite articles are also dropped in newspaper headlines President Declares Celebration =The president has declared a celebration. Passer-by Sees Woman Jump = A passer-by has seen a woman jump (into the river). Here are some newspaper headlines in the form of noun phrases:Deactivated firearms ban Stab girl remand A bitter blow Shell shocker Karz crash No grammars Artist's sand stunt The comeback kid Post-modified nominal headlines:Head: noun/phrase Post-modification mainly include Non-finite clauses Prepositional phrases Relative clauses Here are some newspaper headlines in the form of Post-modified nominal headlines: Tribute to tragic Stephanie The soldier who saw hell Scandal of patients left for hours outside A&E Love at first bite
Canoe couple in court snub New raps for Mr & Mrs Canoe Teen dad in suicide tragedy No charges over root death New bid to find footballer killer Natasha Hogan's fury at balcony leap dad let off No safety in prison Coordinated and appositional nominal headlinesHeadlines in this form include two or more than two noun phrases which are at the same level and characterized by the conjunction “and/or”, comma. Here are some newspaper headlines in this form: Boris the smirker Airport security and glaring complacency No food, no freedom, no cash- and no end to their love of Fidel Castro Jayne Torvill's heaven and hell Gordon Ramsay's heaven and hell No shame, no gain Putin, the Kremlin power struggle and the $40bn fortune Robert Plant and Alison Krauss Grace and favor Headlines With An Omitted Copula Or Linking VerbHeadlines which consist of a noun phrase functioning as a subject and a subject complementGirls happier with make-up Cocaine girls free by April 3 dead after New Zealand air collision Britain ready to recognize Kosovo Germany first to recognize independent Kosovo Headlines which consist of a noun phrase functioning as a subject and an adverbialStab boy on the mend Joshua Beasleyís body in Thames Drivers in panic over fuel strike Sarkozy Jr in bid to capture his father's old seat One more thing concerning nominal newspaper headlines is the characteristic features of the block language, which is so frequently used by headline writers, is so called NOUN STRING OR JUXTAPOSITION. In the context of headline writing, juxtaposition is a connection of three or more nouns. Here are some newspaper headlines in the form of a noun string: Widow Pension Pay Committee Landscaping Company Disturbance Regulations Mustang Referral Customer Complaint Elderly care crisis warning Verbal HeadlinesA verbal headline contains a verb phrase or part of a verb phrase that is not dominated by a noun phrase (Mardh 1980). The main structural types of verbal headlines were classified o finite verb phrases, non-finite verb phrases. Finite verb phrasesThe special language of newspaper headlines are especially reflected in ones in the form of finite verb phrases. Here are some typical features: There are a number of verb changes made to headlines. The most common are: Simple tenses used instead of continuous or perfect forms.Forgotten Brother Appears = A forgotten brother has appeared. The infinitive verbs refer to futureMayor to Open A shopping mall= the mayor is going to open a new shopping mall. James Wood to Visit Ireland = James Wood is going to visit Ireland soon. Auxiliary verbs are ommitted in the passive formMan Killed in Accident= A Man has been killed in an accident. Non-finite verb phrasesNon-finite verb phrases consist of a participle or infinitive, which may be followed by an object or an adverbial (Spears 1976). Getting a Small Audience for Bad News. Adjective HeadlinesThe next type of newspaper headlines is ones in the form of an adjective phrase. (Pre-modification)+ Head+ (Complement). Pre-modification: Adverbs Head: Adjective Complement: Prepositional phrase Infinitive phrase That-clause Example: Ready to look like Oscar babe? Proud to carry the flag of Kosovo
One-word-headline: E.g.: Mốt, Kẹt, Lòng tin, Sốt rét or proper names: Thúy Đạt, Cửa Lò. According to Vu Quang Hao (2001) this kind of headline is rarely used (making about 1. 6% of nearly 2.000 headlines surveyed). Phrasal headline: 54,94% of the total surveyed headlines. A sentence headline: This kind of headline is to inform accounting for 31,35%. Headline is an idiom, proverb or folk song.( 1.18%) According to the survey above, we can see that Phrasal headline is the most popular headline, composed of more than 50% of the total surveyed headlines. Phrasal headlines include verb phrase headlines, noun phrase headlines and adjective phrase headlines. Nominal HeadlinesAmong phrasal headlines, noun phrase is the most widely used (41,02%). NP in Vietnamese also has three main parts : Pre-Modification (Front Element), Head (Nucleus), Post-Modification (End Element). Front elementsQuantifiers: tất cả, tất thảy, hết thảy, hết cả, cả,… Definite numerals : một, hai, ba, bốn,… Collective nouns : đàn, lũ, bó, bộ, nắm, … Head:A noun(boy, teacher, cat, house…) A combination between a classifier (danh từ chỉ loại) and the head noun such as “con người”, “quyển sách”, “máy sấy”. The head noun may be a classifier followed by a descriptive free word cluster End elementNoun Adjective Verb Numeral words Idiom E.g. Lời nguyền của dòng sông Một bệnh lạ ở cá Những kỷ niệm nhỏ về thầy Đặng Thai Mai Giá vàng tiếp tục giảm mạnh Mối lo cháy nổ xe máy Verbal HeadlinesVerb phrase is less widely used than noun . Verb phrase in Vietnamese includes three elements:pre-additive element, central element, post-additive element. Central elementVerb aloneVerbs that usually come with other verbs:Modal verb + Verb Passive: bị, phải, được… Two parallel actions happening at the same time: ngồi nghỉ, nằm ngủ, đi học, đứng nhìn… Verbs which always go with additive element Verbs with sense of result: biết được, nhận ra, tìm thấy, nhìn thấy, tóm lấy, thu được… Verbs with sense of moving: Some verbs: Đi (đi xuống, đi ra, đi vào), bay (bay lên, bay xuống, bay đến, bay vào), chạy (chạy ra, chạy vào, chạy đến, chạy lên, chạy xuống), phóng (phóng tới,phóng đến, phóng vào), nhảy (nhảy qua, nhảy lại, nhảy tới), bước (bước tới, bước qua)… .Verb with two objects: Cho, đưa, tặng, biếu, xin, vay, mượn… Verb with sense of mood Some verbs in this group: lo âu, lo lắng, bồn chồn, thấp thỏm … Combination of verbs Some combinations: Chạy ngược chạy xuôi, chạy đôn chạy đáo, tính tới tính lui, chạy ra chạy vào, nói tới nói lui… Pre-additive element:Cứ. vẫn, mãi, lại, tiếp tục, thường, hay, chưa bao giờ, đôi khi, hiếm khi, thỉnh thoảng, đã, sẽ, sắp, từng, đang, vừa, không, chưa,chẳng, rất, khá, hơi, vô cùng… Post-additive elementIn term of meaning, post-additive element may have many types: Order: tiến lên, chạy đi, ăn đi, học nào… Direction: tới (đi tới, bước tới…) vào (bay vào, chạy vào…), bước lùi, xuống (đi xuống,giảm xuống), lên (bay lên, đi lên, tăng lên …) Process, state, end of action (nói mãi, chờ mãi…), rồi (biết rồi, đọc rồi…), ngay (đi ngay, đến ngay…), hoài(nhìn hoài, nghĩ hoài…), xong (ăn xong, làm xong)… Example: Đừng biến nông nghiệp thành nghành gia công Giám sát lời hứa Sẽ xử lý “ trường nghề đào tạo thạc sỹ” Ra mắt Trung Tâm Manar
Adjective HeadlinesHeadline writers rarely use Adjective phrases. Like noun phrase & verb phrase, Adjective phrase has 3 elements: front element, head & post-additive element Front element:Front elements in Adjective phrase are like ones in Verb phrase, especially words indicating intensifiers and level frequently occur in Adjective phrase (rất, hơi, khí, cực kì, tuyệt, quá,…) Head:Adjective Post-additive element:Substantive( thực từ) or complement( bổ ngữ). Example: Dễ dãi liên thông Thân thương hương vị chè bà cốt Đặc sắc lễ hội Loy Krathong Độc đáo trang phục thiếu nữ Dao Lung linh “mùa thu ấm” nước Anh NEWSPAPER HEADLINES IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESEBecause of a common feature that a newspaper’s space is restricted and its nominative function, there are more similarities than differences between English and Vietnamese newspaper headlines. Both English and Vietnamese newspaper headlines are realized to be more phrases than sentences. In the form of phrases, English and Vietnamese newspaper headlines are divided into three basic groups: verbal, nominal and adjective headlines. Among 3 basic groups, the noun phrase are the most widely used in both Vietnamese and English headlines. Due to the differences between 2 languages, there are inevitable differences of newspaper headlines in English and Vietnamese. In term of a noun phrase, nominal newspaper headlines in English and Vietnamese generally have 3 parts: pre- modification, head and post-modification. However, English nominal newspaper headlines are mover diversified and include some special features: Drop both indefinite and definite articles and juxtaposition ( noun string) which do not occur in Vietnamese newspaper headlines. In the form of a verb phrase, there are a lot of verb changes in English newspaper headlines, such as :Simple tenses used instead of continuous or perfect forms (Vietnamese headline writers use pre-additive element “đang”), The infinitive form referring to the future( pre-additive element “sẽ/sắp/sắp sửa” in Vietnamese healines), Auxiliary verbs dropped in the passive form( “bị/được” in Vietnamese ones). PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONSTranslating Newspaper Headlines From English Into Vietnamese Translating news stories/articles from English to Vietnamese is a challenge for translators. However, translating the headlines of the news stories/article is much more challenging because the headlines, according to Vu Quang Hao( 2011), affect the fate of the whole news stories/articles. Below are some tips of translating a newspaper headline from English into Vietnamese in term of a phrase: Adding TitleEnglish newspaper headlines do not include titles of important people. Nevertheless, the translation would be poor without titles. Thus, in Vietnamese translation, all titles have to be added to ensure naturalness of the translation. Example: Rice to visit Asian countries later this month (from voa.com, Oct 13th ,2006)
Comparing cities (from economist.com, Apr 2nd , 2008)
UN official shot near Najaf You have to translate:
By reading backwards, I can guess that: There is a complaint made by a customer about a referral program for Mustang cars. Translating Omitted Auxiliary English Newspaper HeadlinesWhen subjects of the English headlines are not specific or unknown, the headlines with omitted auxiliary are translated into finite verb phrases. For example, in the English headline Ancient graves found in Greece, the subject who found the ancient graves is not mentioned, so the headline is translated into finite verb phrase Phát hiện 1.000 ngôi mộ cổ ở Hi Lạp. Similarly in the headline Ralph Nader to run for president the subject is not well-known to Vietnamese readers, so the translated headline is finite verb phrase Thêm một gương mặt mới ra tranh cử tổng thống Mỹ. The rule can be seen as follows: All trapped miners rescued in South Africa and Giải cứu thành công 3.200 công nhân mắc kẹt dưới mỏ vàng Remains of monster duck-billed dinosaur found in Utah and Phát hiện loài khủng long mỏ vịt “quái vật” REFERENCES(n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/Elenag77/the-language-of-headlines (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/Elenag77/the-language-of-headlines.htm (n.d.). Retrieved from http://dspace.upce.cz/BITSTREAM/10195/34683.htm (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.headlinespot.com/international/asiapacific/vietnam.htm Hạo, V. Q. (2010). Ngôn Ngữ Báo Chí. Hà Nội: Nhà Xuất Bản Giáo Dục. Toán, B. M. (2003). Tiếng Việt Thực Hành. Hà Nội: Nhà Xuất Bản Giáo Dục. Каталог: ed -> CA2011 ed -> Sau khi Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam ra đời (3/2/1930), Đảng đã thấy rõ tầm quan trọng của việc xây dựng tổ chức Đoàn ed -> THÔng tin pháp luật số 03 CA2011 -> Exclamatory sentence english and vietnamese CA2011 -> A contrastive analysis of negative questions in English and Vietnamese CA2011 -> Ho chi minh city university of education department of english CA2011 -> A contrastive analysis of passive voice in english and vietnamese tải về 54.45 Kb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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