Exercise 8. Rewrite each of the following sentences so that its meaning remains unchanged, using the given words

1. 
   My parents don’t allow me to play games on computer.
   
   • 
     My parents don’t let _____________________
     
2. 
   I had my friend answer the questions.
   
   • 
     I got my friend _________________________
     
3. 
   He spent an hour doing his homework last night.
   
   • 
     It took__________________________________
     
4. 
   I am going to the post office. I want to send some letter.
   
   • 
     I am going to the post office in order___________________
     
5. 
   My grandfather is very weak. He can’t lift the box.
   
   • 
     My grandfather is too ____________________________
     
6. 
   My father said that I could use his car.
   
   • 
     My father allowed me______________________________
     
7. 
   The sudden noise caused me to jump.
   

8. 
   “John, please don’t tell anyone my new address”, said Mary.
   
   • 
     Mary told John_____________________________
     
9. 
   I don’t really want to visit the museum.
   
   • 
     I’d rather__________________________________
     
10. 
    Lan told Nam:” Remember to send your parents my regard”
    
    • 
      Lan reminded Nam__________________________
      
11. 
    The lesson was too long for us to learn by heart.
    
    • 
      The lesson wasn’t short enough_________________
      
12. 
    She was very stupid when she went out without a raincoat.
    
    • 
      It was very stupid of her­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­_________________________
      
13. 
    Would you mind making me some tea?
    
    • 
      Would you please______________________________
      
14. 
    They got out of the car.
    
    • 
      I watched them_______________________________
      
15. 
    He was the first man who reached the top of the mountain.
    

1. 
   I am considering (take) _________________a trip to Europe next year.
   
2. 
   Do you mind (wait) _________________ a few minutes in the reception room?
   
3. 
   We should avoid (give) ________________ an answer immediately.
   
4. 
   They have finished (paint) ________________ our apartment at last.
   
5. 
   You shouldn’t risk (go) __________________out if you have a cold.
   
6. 
   The room needs (clean) ___________________. It is very dirty.
   
7. 
   It is a waste of time (read) ___________________that book.
   
8. 
   We spend two hours a day (learn) __________________English.
   

1. Students stopped (make) ___________ noise when the teacher came in.

2. She couldn’t help (shed) __________ tears when she saw the film “Romeo and Juliet”.

3. Would you mind (buy) ____________ me a newspaper?

4. They postpone (build) ____________ an Elementary School for the lack of finance.

5. Are his ideas worth (listen) ____________ to?

6. My grandfather is used to (get) _____________ up early in the morning.

7. They are looking forward to our (visit) _______________them.

8. He used to fall asleep without (take) ___________ his shoes off.

9. My watch keeps (stop) ___________.

10. I remember (meet) ____________ you somewhere last month.
Exercise 12. Rewrite the sentences without changing their meanings:

1. Would you please do it for me?

→ Would you mind __________________________?

2. She doesn’t usually stay up so late.

→ She is not used ______________________________

3. The children like going in the rain.

→ The children enjoy ___________________________

4. Why don’t we go out for a meal tonight?

→ I suggest _______________________________

5. It took her 2 hours to drive from London to Edinburgh.

→ She spent ________________________________

Exercise 13. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D

1. Instead of ___________ about the good news, Tom seemed to be different.

A. exciting B. to excite C. being excited D. to be excited

2. I remember __________ to the zoo when I was a child.

A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken

3. Would you mind not _________ the radio on until I’ve finished with this phone call?

A. turning B. to turn C. being turned D. to be turned

4. Julia’s children are used to _____ after school every day. They don’t have to walk home.

A. picking up B. to pick up C. being picked up D. to be picked up

5. It’s not good to avoid _________ the teacher’s questions in class.

A. answer B. answering C. answered D. to answer

6. It is no good _________ sorry for yourself.

A. to feel B. feeling C. feel D. felt

7. Everyday I spend two hours _________ speaking English.

A. practise B. to practise C. practising D. practised

8. Tommy admitted _________ the rock through the window.

A. throwing B. being throwing C. to throw D. to be thrown

9. He suggested _________ a double railway tunnel.

A. to build B. built C. building D. that building

10. I was reading my books, but I stopped _________ a programme on TV.

A. reading to watch B. to read to watch

C. to read for watching D. reading watching

11. Does Dr Johnson mind ________ at home if his patients need his help?

A. to call B. to be called C. calling D. being called

12. We hope that the students themselves will enjoy _______ part in the projects.

A. to take B. taking C. to be taken D. being taken

13. Your house needs _________ .

A. redecorate B. redecorating C. redecorated D. to redecorate

14. Please wait a minute. My boss is busy ________ something.

A. to write B. write C. wrote D. writing

A. playing B. play C. to play D. played

16. I really regret _________ your feeling when I asked you such a silly question.

A. hurt B. hurting C. being hurt D. to hurt

17. I can’t go on __________ here any more. I want a different job.

A. working B. to work C. work D. worked

18. My uncle has given up ___________ for 3 years.

A. to smoke B. smoking C. smoke D. smoked

19. This girl can't bear ____________alone.

A. being B. is C. to be D. was

20. I must drive more carefully. I can’t risk____________ another speeding ticket.

A. get B. getting C. to get D. got

21. You had better learn a foreign language before apply for a job.

A B C D

22. Would you mind to check the figures again?

23. My little sister suggested to go to the beach for a change.

A B C D

24. I spent most of my time in the train read my favorite book.

25. He stopped to smoke because it is harmful to his health.

A B C D

26. My father prefers watching films at home to go to the cinema.

27. She is looking forward to see her grandparents again soon.

A B C D
28. Before to go out, remember to turn off the computer.

A B C D

A B C D

A B C D

31. Shall we go for a ride?

A. What about going for a ride? B. What about go for a ride?

C. What about to go for a ride? D. What about to going for a ride?

32. Why don’t we go to the cinema for a change?

A. I suggest going to the cinema for a change. B. I suggest go to the cinema for a change.

C. I suggest not going to the cinema for a change. D. I suggest to go to the cinema for a change.

33. Please don’t play music so loudly.

A. Would you mind playing your music so loudly? B. Would you mind not play your music so loudly?

C. Would you mind not to play your music so loudly?

D. Would you mind not playing your music so loudly?

34. Shall we invite our friends to the party on Sunday?

A. Do you consider to invite our friends to the party on Sunday?

B. Do you consider inviting our friends to the party on Sunday?

C. Do you consider invite our friends to the party on Sunday?

D. Do you consider to inviting our friends to the party on Sunday?

35. Let’s get together next Saturday.

A. How about get together next Saturday? B. How about let getting together next Saturday?

C. How about getting together next Saturday? D. How about let get together next Saturday?

Exercise 16:Choose the best answer

1. 
   We are looking forward _____ you again soon.
   

2. 
   I remember _____ but he said I did not.
   

C. buying him a book D. to have bought him a book

3. 
   Remember _____ john a present . today is his birthday.
   

4. 
   I suggest _____ some more mathematical puzzles.
   

5. 
   The driver stopped _____ a coffee because he felt sleepy.
   

6. 
   That old man tried to stop _____ because of his bad health.
   

7. 
   She tried to be serious, but she couldn’t help ______.
   

8. 
   He tried to avoid ______ my question.
   

9. 
   Jim is 65, but he isn’t going to retired yet. He wants to carry on _____.
   

10. 
    Hello! Fancy _____ you here! What a surprise!
    

11. 
    I can’t bear ______this dirty room.
    

12. 
    Something _______ immediately to prevent teenagers from _______ in factories and mines.
    

C. should do I be exploited D. should have done / exploited

1. 
   Before to go out, you have to remember to turn off the computer.
   

2. 
   There’s something wrong with my computer. It may need to repair .
   

3. 
   Many scientists have tried to unlocking the genetic code.
   

4. 
   Would you mind give me a hand, I have a lot of things to do?
   

5. 
   You have to finished writing the report yourself.
   

6. 
   There comes my bus! I must go now. Don’t forget giving me a call.
   

7. 
   Are you accustomed to hear airplanes over your house ?
   

1. 
   Mr. Thomas does not allow people_____ in his office.
   

2. 
   We are not allowed _____ in that restricted area.
   

3. 
   I’ve put off _____ the letters so many times. I really must do it today.
   

4. 
   He began ____ English 2 years ago.
   

5. 
   It takes 5 minutes _____ to the school.
   

6. 
   My mother told me _______ hope.
   

7. 
   Mary was the last applicant _____ by that interviewer.
   

8. 
   Huong never lets me _______ her books
   

1/ I’m worried _______ my final exam in statistics.

A. about falling B. to fall C. with falling D. to fallure

2/ ________ the scholarship really surprised me .

A. Mike got B. Mike getting C. Mike’s getting D. Mike gets

3/ Many northerners look forward _______ a garden in the spring .

A. to plant B. to planting C. with planting D. to planting of

4/ “May I have a word with you ,Mrs. Adam ? ” – “ Is this in regard ______ late yesterday ?”

A. of you coming B. to you coming

C. to your coming D. of your coming

5/ Who is responsible _______ the garbage – the husband of the wife ?

A. to take out B. for take out C. for taking out D. with taking out

6/ I think ________ at the train station will surprise Aunt Kate .

A. your being B. you are C. you being D. you to be

7/ “ How do I turn on the T.V ? ” – “ _____ the button at the right .”

A. From pushing B. By pushing C. You pushing D. To push

8/ “It’s difficult to make money as an artist .”

– “ Have you considered _______ a course in business for artists ?”

A. To take B. about taking C. your taking D. taking

9/ “ Why have you decided to go back to school ”

– “ I’m tired _______ as a secretary .”

A. for work B. to work C. of working D. about working

10/ “ We were opponents of the political regime in our country.”

“ And that led to ____ to the United States thirty – five years ago .”

A. us coming B. our coming C. come D us to come

11/ “Did you understand the solution to the calculus problem ?” – “ Not very well . Dr Baker’s ______ was complicated .”

A. explain B. explaining C. explanation D. explained

12/ “ How do you like American food ?”

– “ Well, it’s not bad . Now I _______ hamburgers .”

A. used to eat B. am used to eat

C. used to eating D. am used to eating

13/ We insisted ___________ by the manager .

A. to be seen B. to see C. on being seen D. on seeing

14/ _______ for director must have surprised you .

A. Your being nominated B. You nominated

C. Your nominating D. You’re being nominated

15/ “ What are you reading ?”

– “ It’s a magazine article ______ your own furniture .”

A. to make it B. about make C. about making D. for make

16/ ______ a foreign language well is a long process.

A. Learn B. Learning C. To learning D. Having learned

17/ What do you enjoy _______ in your free time ?

A. doing B. do C. to do D. done

18/ You can’t go to England without _________ to Bucking ham Palace .

A. go B. being gone C. to go D. going

19/ Would you mind not ___________ ?

A. to be smoking B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoke

20/ She was worried about ________ by thieves.

A. being robbed B. robbing C. being rob D. be robbing

Exercise 20

1/ I can’t afford _______ you any more money .

A. borrowing B. to borrow C. to lend D. my lending

2/ The teacher encouraged _______ good compositions .

A. us write B. us to write C. us writing D. us to writing

3/ “ Stacey seems like a bright student .”

- “ She’s always the first ________ her work.”

A. to finish B. finishing

C. to being finished with D. to be finish with

/ Please ask the restaurant clientele ________ in the no smoking area .

A. don’t smoke B. not to smoke C. not smoking D. don’t to smoke

5/ “Why have you given up your job ? ”

– “ ______ on my present salary is impossible .”

A. For me to live B. To live for me C. Me living D. I live

6/ “What’s wrong with Henry ? ” – “ He needs __________”

A. cheer up B. to be cheer up C. cheering up D. to cheered up

7/ “Why are you mad ?” – “ I dislike ________ by my first name .”

A. you call B. you to call me C. your calling me D. you call me

8/ “ Which baseball team do you support ?”

– “ We’d like ________”

A. the Tigers win B. That the Tigers win

C. the Tigers will win D. the Tigers to win

9/ “ May I help you ?”

– “ Yes , I need someone _______ the tire on my car .”

A. change B. to change C. changing D. to be changed
10/ “I heard Fred is going to work for the ambassader . ”

– “ Yes , he was lucky _______ such a good job.”

A. to give B. about getting C. to be given D. to be giving

11/ Can you get the teacher ______ us less homework ?

A. give B. giving C. to give D. her giving

12/ “ Mary hasn’t been feeling well lately .”

– “ Yes, we want _________ by a doctor .”

A. him to examine B. that he be examined

C. him to be examined D. he is examined
13/ “ How did you travel so cheaply in Europe ? ”

– “ We reduced our expenses by taking the train and _____ in inexpensive restaurants . ”

A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate

14/ “ Your homemade ice cream is so good . What’s your secret ?”

– “ _____ good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream .”

A. For make B. to make C. Making D. Make

15/ “ I’d like to go bowling tonight .”

“ Don’t forget we’ve already made plans _______ to dinner at the Caihouns’ ”

A. to go B. going C. for go D.go

Why are you mad , Katherine ?” – “ That traffic jam _____ be late .”

A. made us B. caused us C. had us to D. forced us

17/ “ My mother says I can’t marry Jim” – “ She should let ______ your own mind.”

A. you make up B. that you make up

C. you to make up D. you making up

18/ I can’t open the top of this apple juice .“ – “ ________ it.”

A. Mark have to do B. Make Mark to do

C. Have Mark do D. Have Mark done

19/ I can hear a cat ______ at the widow .

A. scratching B. scratches

C. to scrath D. was scratching

20/ “ Why do the police want to talk to you ?” – “ Because we saw the money _____ last night.”

a. stealing b. been stolen c. stole d. stolen

1. I enjoy ------------ to the park on summer evenings.

A. to go B. going C. being gone D. go

2. Don’t forget ------------ home as soon as you arrive at your destination.

A. to call B. calling C. having called D. to be called

3. When I kept getting unwanted calls, I called the phone company and had my phone number -----------. The process was easier than I expected it to be.

A. change B. changed C. to change D. changing

4. Jean should seriously consider ---------- an actress. She is a very talented performer.

A. to become B. become C. becoming D. will become

5. ---- television to the exclusion of all other activities si not a healthy habit for a growing child.

A. To be watched B. Being watched C. Watching D. Watch

6. After their children had grown up. Mr. and Mrs. Sills decided ------------- to a condominium in the city. They’s never been sorry.

A. to have moved B. moving C. move D. to move

7. I truly appreciated ------------ to give the commencement address, but I wasn’t able to accept the honor because of a previous commitment.

A. asking B. to have asked C. to ask D. having been asked

The store manager caught the cashier ------------ money from the cash register and promptly called the police. They discovered that it had been going on for a long time.

A. to sneak B. sneaking C. to have sneaked D.being sneaked

9. My roommate’s handwriting is very bad, so he had me ---his paper for him last night.

A. to type B. type C. to have typed D. boil

10. The municipal authorities advised --------- all drinking water during the emergency.

A. to boil B. to be boiled C. boiling D. boil

11. If we leave now for our trip, we can drive half the distance before we stop --- lunch.

A. having B. to have C. having had D. for having

12. Our schedule is not working out. We should discuss ----------- our daily routine. I don’t feel as though we’re getting enough accomplished .

A. changing B. to change C. to have changed D.being changed

13. I can’t recall ----------- that old movie, but maybe I did many years ago.

A. having seen B. to have seen C. to see D. having been seen

14. Our school basketball team won the championship game by ------- two points in the last five seconds. It was the most exciting game I have ever attended.

A. being scored B. to score C. scoring D. score

15. The flight attendants made all the passengers ------ their seat belts during the turbulence.

A. to buckle B. to have buckled C. buckling D. buckle

16. It has become necessary --------- water in the metropolitan area because of the severe drought.

A. rationing B. ration C. to have fationed D. to ration

17. You can’t blame Ralph for -------------- to eat that dessert. It looked delicious.

A. to be tempted B. tempted C. be tempted D. having been tempted

18. Let’s leave early, so we’ll be ahead of the rush of commuters. We can’t risk ------------ in heavy traffic during rush hour.

A. holding up B. being held up C. having held up D. to hold up

19. It is always interesting ------- people in airprots while you’re waiting for a flight

A. being observed B. observe C. to have observed D. to observe

20. I got everyone in the family -------- Jane’s birthday card before I sent it to her.

A. sign B. signed C. to sign D. having signed
PASSIVE VOICE ( CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG )

I. Form:

Passive: S + be + V3/ed + (by O) + ……

S V O

S be V3/ed by

II. CÁCH ĐỔI ACTIVE VOICE SANG PASSIVE VOICE

Ex: Active sentence: Peter took this book yesterday

Passive sentence: This book was taken by Peter yesterday

Trong câu chủ động:

- Peter → Subj ; took → động từ chính (Past simple)

- this book → Obj; yesterday → trạng từ chỉ thời gian

Trong câu bi động:

- Obj ( this book) → Subj ; Subj ( Peter) →by Obj

- took (động từ chính) → taken (V₃ / VoED - Past participle)

- thêm was vì động từ chính (took) đang chia thì Past simple

A. Tổng quát:

Active sentence: Subj + V + Obj Passive sentence: Subj + BE + V3 / VoED(động từ chính) + by Obj 1- Chuyển: Obj ---> Subj; Subj ----> by Obj (Có thể bỏ nếu by Obj không cần thiết) 2-Thêm BE và chia thì tương ứng với thì câu chủ động. Nghĩa là: Động từ chính của câu chủ động ở thì nào thì “ To Be” phải chia ở thì đó). Như vậy: trong câu bị động “ To Be” có vai trò chia thì, Động từ chính có chức năng như một tính từ mang nghĩa bị động (không chia thì) 3- Chuyển động từ chính sang ---> V3 hoặc Vo ED.

Xác định Subj, Obj, Verb của câu chủ động (trong động từ phải xác định cho được thì và động từ chính của câu chủ động)

2. Chuyển: Obj ---> Subj; Subj ----> by Obj (Có thể bỏ by him/them/me/you/people/ someone : nếu không cần thiết).

- Nếu Subj của câu chủ động là danh từ chỉ vật liệu, dụng cụ ---> câu bị động thay by bằng with + Obj.

- Nếu Subj của câu chủ động là: nothing, no one, nobody ---> câu bị động bỏ by Obj và ở thể phủ định.

3. Chuyển động từ chính sang ---> V3 hoặc Vo ED.

(Động từ chính có chức năng như một tính từ mang nghĩa bị động-không chia thì)

4. Thêm BE và chia tương ứng với thì của câu chủ động (Động từ chính của câu chủ động ở thì nào thì To be phải chia ở thì đó )

5. Giữ lại động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verb) trong câu bị động nếu có.

Will/ would, shall/ should, can/ could, may/might must, have to, be going to, used to, ...

Active: S+ will/would, shall/ should...+ Vo + object

→Passive: S + will/would, shall/should... + be + V3 / Vo ED (+ by object).

6. Đặt trạng từ chỉ thể cách (adj + ly) trước Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) nếu có.

7. Giữ nguyên giới từ sau Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) nếu có.

8. Đặt trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn trước BY, trạng từ chỉ thời gian sau BY nếu có. Place + by Obj + Time

Ex: Mr Pike built this school in my village last year.

→ This school was built in my village by Mr Pike last year

9. Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) as an Adjective, do đó động từ theo sau hầu hết là To infinitive.

Ex: She makes me cry → I am made to cry

III. NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP PASSIVE VOICE ĐẶC BIỆT

1-Causative form(thể truyền khuyến):

a/Active voice: -S + Have + Obj(chỉ người) + Vo.

-S + Get + Obj (chỉ người) + to infi.

b/Passive voice: -S + Have/Get + Obj (chỉ vật) + V3 / Vo ED.

2. Sau những động từ chỉ ý kiến (verb of opinion): say, think , believe, report, rumour, know, consider, claim

Active: S1+ verb1 ( say/ believe/ think....) (that) +S2+ verb2...

Passive:

Cách 1: It + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + S2 + verb 2 ....

Cách 2: S2 + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + to-infinitive (verb 2) /

to have + V3 / Vo ED (verb 2) nếu V1 khác thì V2

Ex:      People say that he was crazy.

→ Cách 1: It is said that he was crazy or

→ Cách 2: He is said to have been crazy.( to have been vì say và was khác thì) .

Ex: People say that money brings happiness

→ Cách 1: It is said that money brings happiness

→ Cách 2: Money is said to bring happiness.( Dùng to bring vì say và bring cùng thì)

3. Sau những động từ chỉ giác quan(verb of perception): see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice, make, help, bid.