Microsoft Word Asian vegetables Progress in New Crops 1996. doc
Asian Vegetables: Selected Fruit and Leafy
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| Asian Vegetables: Selected Fruit and Leafy
Types Marita Cantwell, Xunli Nie, Ru Jing Zong, and Mas Yamaguchi
1. ASIAN CUCURBITS
1. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.)
2. Fuzzy melon (Benincasa hispida var. chieh-gua How.)
3. Angled luffa [Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.]
2. ASIAN COOL-SEASON LEAFY VEGETABLES
1. Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel, syn. A. odorum)
2. Chinese broccoli or gai-lan (Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra Bailey)
3. Chinese flowering cabbages or choy sums (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee = B. campestris ssp. chinensis var. parachinensis L.H. Bailey)
3. REFERENCES
4. Table 1
5. Table 2
6. Table 3
7. Table 4
8. Fig. 1
9. Fig. 2
10. Fig. 3
11. Fig. 4
12. Fig. 5
13. Fig. 6
14. Fig. 7
The demand for Asian vegetables has expanded in the U.S. marketplace (Morr 1989; Lamberts 1992) due to increased ethnic diversity in the population, increased emphasis on healthy foods, and the desire to have variety in the diet. In 1993 and 1994 production statistics gathered by County Agricultural Commissioners in California, seven counties (Fresno, Monterey, Riverside, San Bernadino, San Luis Obispo, Santa Clara, and Ventura) reported Oriental Vegetables as a
production category. In these counties, Asian vegetable production accounted for 1.0% to 5.0% of the farm-gate value of all fresh market vegetables. In a previous review of Asian vegetables, Yamaguchi (1990) considered several vegetables including water bamboo (Zizania latifolia), lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera), water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), yard-long beans (Vigna sesquipedalis), mitsuba (Cryptotaenia japonica), and winter radishes (Raphanus sativuus). Our intention here is to review the production and marketing of several other specialty Asian vegetables. In this paper we focus on examples from the extensive groupings of warm-season fruit vegetables from the Cucurbitaceae (Yang and Walters 1992; Ng 1993), including bitter melon (Momordica charantia), fuzzy melon (Benincasa hispida), angled luffa (Luffa acutangula), as well as several cool-season leafy vegetables including Chinese broccoli or gai-lan (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra), Chinese flowering cabbages or choy sums (Brassica campestris var. parachinensis), and the leaves and flower buds of Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum). The cucurbits that are included are considered more heat tolerant than other more commonly grown members such as cucumbers and summer squashes. The cool season vegetables included are much appreciated for their quality (Willoughby 1995), but are not yet widely grown in the U.S. An additional emphasis in this paper will be on the postharvest handling characteristics of these vegetables.
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