Chapter 1360
Interchanges
WSDOT Design Manual M 22-01.20
Page 1360-7
September 2021
1360.03
Ramps
1360.03(1) Ramp Design Speed
The design speed for a ramp is based on the design speed for the freeway main line.
It is desirable that the ramp design speed at the connection to the freeway be equal to the free-flow speed of
the freeway. Meet or exceed the upper range values from Exhibit 1360-4 for the design speed at the ramp
connection to the freeway. Transition the ramp design speed to provide a smooth acceleration or deceleration
between the speeds at the ends of the ramp. However, do not reduce the ramp design speed below the lower-
range speed of 25 mph. For loop ramps, use a design speed as high as feasible, but not lower than 25 mph.
These design speed guidelines do not apply to the ramp in the area of the ramp terminal at-grade intersection.
In the area of the intersection, use a design speed of 15 mph for turning traffic or 0 mph for a stop condition.
Use the allowed skew at the ramp terminal at-grade intersection to minimize ramp curvature.
For freeway-to-freeway ramps and C-D roads, the design speed at the connections to both freeways is the upper
range values from Exhibit 1360-4; however, with justification, the midrange values from Exhibit 1360-4 may be
used for the remainder of the ramp. When the design speed for the two freeways is different, use the higher
design speed.
Existing ramps meet design speed criteria if acceleration or deceleration criteria are met (see Exhibit 1360-10 or
Exhibit 1360-11) and superelevation meets the criteria in Chapter 1250.
Exhibit 1360-4 Ramp Design Speed
Main Line Design Speed (mph)
50
55
60
65
70
80
Ramp Design
Speed (mph)
Upper Range
45
50
50
55
60
70
Midrange
30
40
45
45
50
60
Lower Range
25
25
25
25
25
25
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