Lesson 1 : tenses ( Caùc thì ) simple present: (HTÑ)


A + V + _______________ + THAN + B



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ENGLISH GRAMMAR
DEMO B639, Chinh-phuc-ngu-phap-va-bai-tap-6-global-success, de cuong khoa 2 (1), NGỮ ÂM ANH

A + V + _______________ + THAN + B


MORE + adj. /adv

B + V not + SO / AS + adj. /adv … AS + A


adj. / adv(phaûn nghóa) + ER

B + V + ___________________________ + THAN + A


MORE + adj. /adv(phaûn nghóa)

Ex: Betty is younger than Susan.
 Susan is not so young as Betty.
( Susan is older than Betty.)



2/

adj. + ER
A + be + a(an) + ___________ + n + THAN + B
MORE + adj.

 B + V not + SO /AS + adv + AS + A





Ex: He is a more careful driver than I am.

I don’t drive so carefully as he does.


(=as him)



3/

S + has/have + never/not + V3 + such + a(an) + adj. + n (before)

adj. + est


This is the + ___________ + n + (that) + S + has/have + (ever) V3
most + adj.

Ex: He has never watched such an exciting match before.


 This is the most exciting match he’s ever watched.



4/


adj. + er
No one / Nobody + place + be + _________ + than + A
more + adj.

adj. + est


A + be + the + __________ + place
most + adj

Ex: No one in the village is stronger than Tom.
 Tom is the strongest in the village.

LESSON 15 : SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
( Bieán ñoåi caâu)



1/


1 khoaûng TG + ago.
S + started /began + Ving / to V1… +
(prep.+) moác TG
V3 for + khoaûng TG
 S + has / have + +
been +Ving since + moác TG

Ex: We started studying English half an hour ago.


 We’ve been studying English for half an hour.



2a/


1 khoaûng TG + ago.
The last time + S + V2 + … was +
(prep.+) moác TG


for + khoaûng TG
 S + has / have not + V3 ….. +
since + moác TG



Ex: The last time she had a swim was five years ago.
 She has not had a swim for five years.



2b/


S + last + V2 + … when S + V2

 S + has / have not + V3 ….. + since + S + V2



Ex: I last went to the football match when I was a student.


 I haven’t gone to the football match since I was a student.



3/


S + has / have not + V3 ….. + for + 01 khoaûng TG

 It + is + 1 khoaûng TG + since + S + V2



Ex: She hasn’t had a swim for five years.


 It is five years since she had a swim.



4/


S + has /have + never/not + V 3 … (+before)

This / it is the first time + (that) + S + has /have + ever + V 3



Ex: I’ve never visited Paris before.
This is the first time (that) I’ve (ever) visited Paris.



5/


S + V2and then (S) + V2

After + S + had + V3 … , S + V2



Ex: I had breakfast and then went to school.


After I had had breakfast, I went to school.

6/ The formal subject “IT”:



Ving / To V1 … + be + adj. /n (+for O)

 IT + be + adj. / n (+for O) + To V1



Ex: Knowing English is useful.


 It is useful to know English.

7/ The formal object “IT”:



Ving / To V1 … + be + adj. /n

 S + V* + IT + adj. / n + to V1





V* : find, make, think. consider, believe, feel,…
Ex: Living in the city is exciting.
Some people find it exciting to live in the city.



8/


be accustomed to = be used to
+ V ing
become accustomed to = get used to

Ex: We often go to school by bus.


We are used to going to school by bus.



9/

used to + V 1

Ex: My grandfather often played tennis when he was young.


 My grandfather used to play tennis when he was young.



10/


S + spend(s) / spent + time + V ing

 It + takes / took (+ O) + time + To V1



Ex: We spent five hours getting to London.


It took us five hours to get to London.



11/


can
S + ____ not + V1 … because of + n
could


prevent(s) / stop(s)
S + _________________ + O + from + Ving
prevented / stopped

Ex: We can’t drive because of fog.
The fog prevents us from driving.


12/ Inversion: Ñaûo ngöõ

Adv* + V + S …

Adv*: No longer, Never, Rarely, Seldom, Only, No sooner, Hardly ….

Ex: She no longer gets up early.


No longer does she get up early.

13/

Who + do /does + S + belong to?
 Who own(s) …….?
 Whose + V + S … ?
 Whose + n + V + S …. ?

Ex: Who does this bicycle belong to?
 Who owns this bicycle?
 Whose is this bicycle?
 Whose bicycle is this?
14/ Causative Form:



O (Ngöôøi) +V1 ( Chuû ñoäng)
S + have / get +
O (vaät) + V3 (bò ñoäng)
nhôø ai ñoù laøm vieäc gì

Ex : a) Tom is going to repair my T.V tomorrow.


 I am going to have Tom repair my T.V tomorrow.
 I am going to have my T.V repaired by Tom tomorrow.
b) He’s getting someone to mend the window.
 He’s having the window mended.



15/

Because + S + V
 Because of + n / Ving

Example:
a) Because she walked in the sun, she was sick.
 Because of walking in the sun, she was sick.

b) Because the weather was bad,the train was delayed for twenty minutes.


 Because of the bad weather, the train was delayed for twenty minutes.

b ) Because the + n + be + adj
 Because of the + adj + n

c) Because he is ill, he can’t go there.


 Because of his illness, he can’t go there.



c ) Because S + be + adj
 Because of poss. adj + n

d) Because she behaves well, everybody loves her.


 Because of her good behavior, everybody loves her.



d ) Because S + V*ord. + adv

 Because of Poss. Adj + adj + n



V* : develop, invent, liberate, discover, behave, rain…
(n) : development, invention, liberation, discovery, behavior, rain, …..

e) Because there was the August Revolution, Vietnam was freed from colonialism and feudalism.


 Because of the August Revolution, Vietnam was freed from colonialism and feudalism.

e) Because + there + be + n…
 Because of + n…




16/

Although / Though + S + V
 In spite of / Despite + n /Ving ….

Ex: Although he is rich, he is extremely mean.


 In spite of his richness, he is extremely mean.
17. Styles:

Using N

Using V

  1. There + be a determination

  2. There + be a tendency

  3. show a desire

  4. give thought to

  5. have knowledge of

 S + be determined
 S + tend
 desire
 think about/of
 know about

Ex: There is a determination to overcome problems.
 Children are determined to overcome problems.

LESSON 16 : SUBJECT AND VERB CONCORD


(Söï Hoøa Hôïp Giöõa Chuû Töø Vaø Ñoäng Töø)
*Special Cases:



1/

prep
n / pron + __________ + n / pron + V
as well as

Ex: The teacher with his students is in the classroom.



2/



N / Pron + or / nor + N / Pron + V



Ex: Either he or you are the translator.



3/


Each
______ (of) + n / pron + V sing
Every



Ex: Each of us has books and pens.



4/


Everybody Somebody Anybody
= Everyone = Anyone = no one + Vsing
Everything Something Anything
Ex: Everyone knows him.



5. None of + N/pron + V Ex : None of the students have good mark.
None of the student has good mark.
6. A number of + N + Vplural Ex : A number of students are absent from class today.
The number of + N + Vsingular This year, the number of accidents has risen.
7. S(thôøi gian, tieàn, khoaûng caùch, troïng löôïng) + Vsingular Ex : Twenty dollars is too much for that shirt.
8. S(Ving/To V) + Vsingular Ex : Smoking is bad for health.
To live is to struggle ( Soáng laø tranh ñaáu )
9. There + Be + N Ex : There is some sugar in the jar.
There are some books on the self.
10. Phaàn traêm/phaân soá + of + Nkhoâng ñeám ñöôïc + Vsingular
Ex : Sixty percent of waste paper is recycled.
Phaàn traêm/phaân soá + of + Nplural + Vplural
Ex : Half of the students in this school come from the country.
LESSON 17 : EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

(Nhöõng Cuïm Töø Chæ Soá Löôïng)

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