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IV. Procedure Period 1 Relative pronouns, relative adverbs, relative clauses
-Teacher presents the use of relative pronouns and relative adverbs
Note: 1. We usually use that (not which) after the following words: all, any(thing), every(thing), few, little, many, much, no(thing), none, some(thing) and after superlatives It was something that could have happened to anyone. It was the most difficult exam that I have ever taken 2. If the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, it is a subject pronoun. The man who is driving this car is Tam’s uncle. If the relative pronoun is not followed by a verb( but by a noun or a pronoun), it is an object pronoun. The website that you showed me yesterday is very interesting. 3. When which, that, whom are used as objects in relative clauses, they can be correctly omitted. He’s the man I met at Jane’s party That is the book I like best The painting my sister bought is very expensive The website you showed me yesterday is very interesting. B. Practice
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
A. where B. when C. why D. that
A. who B. whose C. whom D. A & B
A. who B. whom C. that D. All are correct
A. whom B. which C. Ø D. B & C
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
A. where B. which C. when D. who
A. she is wearing it B. he gave it to her C. Linda like D. she is wearing
A. which B. when C. that D. A & B 12. This is the painter__________pictures you admire so much. A.where B. whose C. who D. which 13. The house_______Shakespeare was born is now open to public. A. whose b. who C. where D. when 14. This is the supermarket __________you can buy almost everything. A. that B.where C. who D. when
1. The New Year Day is the day where all my family members gather and enjoy it together. A B C D
2. The policeman must try to catch those men whom drive dangerously. A B C D
3. The man whom helped you yesterday is a television reporter. A B C D
4. The reason what I didn’t come to visit her was that I was ill. A B C D
5. She is the most beautiful woman whose I have ever met A B C D
6. The city who I was born is small but nice. A B C D
3. Exercise 3: Combine the following sentences using relative pronouns (10 minutes)
My brother works for a company. It makes typewriters. → My brother works for a company which/that makes typewriters.
1. I was waiting for a man. He didn’t turn up. ( The man…) 2. A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital. (The girl…) 3.We watched a film last night. It was really moving. ( The film….) 4. Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents hated each other 5. Some boys were arrested. They have now been released. (The boys…) 6. Loan is helping a foreigner. The foreigner is from the USA. 7. The bottle was blue. It contained the chemichal 8. I have to do the assignment. It is very difficult. ( The assignment…) - Answer key 1. The man (who/whom/that/Ø) I was waiting for did not turn up. 2. The girl who was injured in the accident is now in hospital. 3. The film (which/that/Ø) we watched last night was really moving. 4. Romeo and Juliet were lovers whose parents hated each other. 5. The boys who were arrested have now been released. 6. Loan is helping a foreigner who is from the USA. The foreigner (who/whom/that/Ø) Loan is helping is from the USA. 7. The bottle which contained the chemichal was blue. 8. The assignment (that/ which/Ø) I have to do is very difficult. C. Homework (2 minutes)
Esercise 4: Choose the best option by circling the letter A, B, C or D 1. She is the girl ___________ . A. father is a journalist B. a journalist is her father C. who a journalist is her father D. whose father is a journalist 2. Do you know the hotel__________ ? A. at which she is staying B. where she is staying C. she is staying at D. all are correct 3. Sue lives in a house. The house is opposite my house. A. Sue lives in a house which is opposite my house. B. Sue lives in a house who is opposite my house. C. Sue lives in a house where is opposite my house. D. Sue lives in a house and which is opposite my house. 4. The table should be repaired. Its legs were broken yesterday. A. The table which legs were broken yesterday should be repaired B. The table whose legs were broken yesterday should be repaired. C. The table of which legs were broken yesterday should be repaired D. The table legs of whose were broken yesterday should be repaired
A. The restaurant where we had lunch was very modern. B. The restaurant which we had lunch was very modern. C. The restaurant that we had lunch was very modern. D. The restaurant where we had lunch at was very modern
1. I enjoyed the book that you told me to read it. A B C D 2. What is the name of the girl whom has just come in? A B C D 3. That is the man who he told me the bad news. A B C D 4. He’s the man that his novel won the Nobel Prize last year A B C D 5. A person who study science is a scientist A B C D 6. Have you read the book what I gave you this morning? A B C D Period 2: DEFINING AND NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES I. Correcting homework (8 minutes) - Teacher asks students to give the answer for exercise 4, 5 - Teacher asks students to explain their choices. -Teacher gives feedback. II. New lesson A. Presentation (10 minutes)
1. Identifying and non-identifying relative clauses. 1. Identifying relative clauses. 1. 1. Identifying relative clauses gives information which is essential to the meaning of the sentence. It makes clear which person or thing we are talking about. The man who lives at number 36 has been arrested The book that you gave me on my birthday is very interesting 1.2. Cleft sentences: It + be+ noun/ pronoun + identifying relative clauses. It was Tom who helped us ( not Bill or Jack) It was Ann that I saw ( not Mary) With proper noun, that is more usual than who. That is usual for non-personal subjects. It’s speed that causes accidents, not bad roads. 2. Non- identifying relative clauses gives information which is not essential to the meaning of the sentence. Non-identifying relative clauses have commas at both ends unless this is also the end of the sentence. Mr Brown, who lives at number 36, has been arrested. I’ve invited Linda, who lives in the next flat. The Hilton hotel, which we stayed at while we were in New York, is expensive. Note: a. “that” cannot be used in non-identifying relative clauses. b. “which” can refer to a whole clause.
c. Object pronouns in non-identifying clauses must be used Nam, who/whom we met yesterday, is my neighbor. d. In non-identifying relative clauses after numbers, and words like many, most, neither, some, both, several, few, we use of before whom and which. Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. I saw several houses, most of which were quite unsuitable.
The man who/whom Mary is talking to is Mr Pike. → The man to whom Mary is talking is Mr Pike. The movie they are talking about is very interesting →The movie about which they are talking is very interesting Note: Prepositions are normally placed before whom and which. B. Exercises (25 minutes) Exercise 1: Choose the best option by circling the letter A, B, C or D. (20 minutes)
A. what B. it C. that D. which
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
A. them B. which C. that D. B & C
A. which B. where C. that D. All are correct
A. whom B. whose C. that D. A & C
A. whose B. which C. that D. B & C
A. that B. which C. who D. whom
A. that B. which C. where D. there
A. who she is speaking to B. whom she is speaking with C. to whom she is speaking D. to whom she is speaking with
A. during B. at C. in D. on
A. that B. it C. this D. which
A. with that B. which C. with which D. that
A. was/ who B. was/ that C. is / who D. is / which 16. The bike __________ is very modern. A. I told you about which B. about I told you which C. which about I told you D. about which I told you 17. Last week I met Mr. Lam, ______________. A. who’s oldest son is studying abroad B. the oldest son of who is studying abroad C. whose oldest son is studying abroad D. of whom the oldest son is studying abroad 18. Is she the lady________________? A. which you borrow this bike from B. from who you borrow this bike C. from whom you borrow this book D. from that you borrow this bike Exercise 2: Combine the following sentences. ( 8 minutes)
1. The man that we are talking about is a famous scientist. →The man about………………………………………….. 2. The tree that we picked these fruits from is in front of the house. →The tree from……………………………………………. 3. The city that we were born in is very big. →The city in………………………………………………… 4. Do you remember the day ? We first met on that day. →Do you remember the day on……………………………?
→This is the Rex hotel, which…………………………….. 6. This is Mrs Johns. Her son won the championship last year. Answer key 1.The man about whom we are talking is a famous scientist. 2. The tree from which we picked these fruits is in front of the house. 3. The city in which I was born is very big. 4. Do you remember the day on which we first met? 5. This is Rex hotel, which is the biggest hotel in the city. 6. This is Mrs John, whose son won the championship last year.
- Teacher asks students to do exercise 3 at home. Exercise 3: Circle the letter whose underlined part must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
2. Martin tried on three jackets, none of that fitted him. A B C D
3. Is that the man who house was broken into two days ago? A B C D
4. Bogota, that is the capital of Colombia, is a cosmopolitan city. A B C D
5. He is the singer about that I often tell you. A B C D
Period 3: REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
II. New lesson
a.The boy who is talking to Mrs Hoa is my classmate. → The boy talking to Mrs Hoa is my classmate. b. Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom. → Students arriving late will not be permitted to enter the classroom.
*Rule: If the verbs in relative clauses has active meaning, it can be repalced by a present participle.
a. We live in a house which was built a long time ago. → We live in a house built a long time ago. b. The city which was destroyed in the war has now been rebuilt. → The city destroyed in the war has now been rebuilt.
*Rule: If the verbs in relative clauses has passive meaning, it can be repalced by a past participle.
John was the first person who came to class this morning. →John was the first person to come to class this morning The last person who leaves the room must turn off the lights →The last person to leave the room must turn off the lights He was the youngest person who came to the meeting → He was the youngest person to come to the meeting
*Rule: Relative clauses can be replaced by full infinitive after the first, the second, the last, the only and sometimes after superlatives. B. Practice
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