+ represent someone or something else.
eg. “I was looking at this little puppy in a cage with such a sad look on its face. It was like, 'Oh, I'm so unhappy here, will you set me free?‘ (Yule, 1996/13)
- psychological distance
- Physically close psychologically close
- Physically distant psychologically distant
- Physically close psychologically distant
eg. I don’t like that
Temporal deixis
Deictic expressions:
Moment of utterance
Before utterance
After utterance
Yesterday
Before
then
This afternoon
Today
now
Soon
Tomorrow
Then
distal forms
Proximal forms
distal forms
- All these expressions depend on knowing the relevant utterance time to be interpreted
eg. 10% discount Tomorrow.
(Yule, 1996/14)
The psychological basis of temporal deixis
Proximal terms
(move towards the speaker
|
Distal terms
(go away from the speaker)
|
this coming week
the approaching year
|
in days gone by
the past week
|
+ proximal form: present tense
+ distal: past tense (happen in the past, unlikely or impossible)
Eg. I could ride a bike when I was 6
I would travel around the world if I had a lot of money.
The choice of verb tenses
DE NADA
GRACIAS
Grammar brings different interpretation - Proximal deictic:
e.g. are you planning to be here this evening? (direct speech) - Distal deictic:
Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn: |