ChuyêN ĐỀ: passive voice (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) phần a: LÝ thuyếT



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CHUYÊN ĐỀ: PASSIVE VOICE

(THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG)

PHẦN A: LÝ THUYẾT

I. Công thức chung : BE + PAST PARTICIPLE (PP = V-ed/V3)

II. Công thức của từng thì:

TENSES

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

1. The simple present

S + V(s/es)

S+ am/is/are+PP

2. The pre. Continuous

S + am/ is/ are + V-ing

S+am/is/are/+being+PP

3. The present perfect

S + have/ has + PP

S+ have/has+ been+PP

4. The simple past

S + V2/ V-ed

S+ was/were+PP

5. The past continuous

S + was/ were + V- ing

S+ was/were+being+PP

6. The past perfect

S + had + PP

S+ had+been+PP

7. The simple future

S + will/ shall + V-bare

S+ will/shall+be+PP

8. The near future

S+am/ is/are going to+ V-bare

S+am/is/are going to+be+PP

9. The Modal verbs

S + can, could, shall, should, may, might, must, have to, ought to +V-bare

S + can/could/may…..+ be + PP


III. Quy tắc chuyên sang câu bị động:

1. Xác định S, V, O ở câu chủ động.

2. Lấy tân ngữ (O) của câu chủ động về làm chủ ngữ (S) của câu bị động.

3. Xem động từ chính của câu chủ động chia ở thì nào thì chia động từ to be ở câu bị động thì đó và biến đổi động từ chính của câu chủ động về dạng quá khứ phân từ (past participle) ở câu bị động

4. Lấy chủ ngữ (S) của câu chủ động về làm bổ túc từ (O) của câu bị động và viết giới từ by ở đằng trước bổ tức từ đó.

IV. Cấu trúc : Chủ động : S V O
Bị động : S ( BY + O)

( BE + PP)



V. Examples:

1. My mother has made that cake.

S V O

---- That cake has been made by my mother



2. Nam is asking me a lot of questions.

S V O


---- I am being asked a lot of questions by Nam.

VI. Các trường hợp cần lưu ý:

1. S của câu chủ động là những đại từ nhân xưng ( he, she, you, they, we..) và các từ như: someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody,..... thì lượt bỏ by O trong câu bị động nếu không muốn nêu rõ tác nhân.

Ex: Someone has sent me the flowers.

---- I have been sent the flowers.

She must do all homework before going to bed.

---- All homework must be done before going to bed.



2. Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước “by + O bị động”.

Ex: The police found him in the foresst.

----He was found in the forest by the police.



3. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian đứng sau “by + O bị động”.

Ex: Mr Brown bought the house last week.

---- The house was bought by Mr Brown last week.



4. Trạng từ chỉ thể cách đứng giữa “BE + PP”.

Ex: The boss has treated them badly.

---- They have been badly treated by the boss.



5. Đối với một số động từ có 2 tân ngữ thì 1 trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm chử ngữ của câu bị động; tuy nhiên tân ngữ chỉ người thường được dùng nhiều hơn.

Ex: He sent me a postcard.

---- I was sent a postcard.

---- A postcard was sent to me.

PHẦN B: BÀI TẬP

I. Change the following sentences into the passive voice


1. They built this church in 1973.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Do they teach English in your school?.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Nobody believes his story..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Someone is following her.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. They asked me many difficult questions.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. They are repairing my piano.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. They are building a house, aren’t they ?.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Students are doing a lot of homework.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Can Mary tear the letter ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

10. Do you understand this lesson?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. She looked after our children when we were out.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. Nobody has used this room for ages.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. The boy hit the dog in the garden yesterday.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

14. Who wrote this book?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. Who has cleaned this room?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

16. The fire has caused considerable damage.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

17. The committee is considering several new proposals.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

18. No one may open this letter, may they ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

19. They bought her a present on her birthday.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

20. Someone has told him to report for duty at 6.00pm

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

21. The author has written a special edition for children.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

22. They make these artificial flowers.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

23. Does John return the book he borrowed yesterday ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………


24. They are pulling down the old theatre.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

25. we use this room onlyon special occasions.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

26. Have they told you anything about it?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

27. What language do they speak in Japan?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

28. Someone has taken her bag by mistake.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

29. They haven’t done anything about it.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

30. It is time some one told him what is wrong.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

31. Ann gave the boy a ticket and led him to the theatre.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

32. Someone broke into his house and stole a lot of things.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

33. They didn’t look after the children properly.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

34. Someone switched on the light and opened the door.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

35. Why did no one inform me of the change of plan?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

36. Maria was writing poems at that time.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

37. We will not admit children under 16.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

38. They will say nothing more about the matter if someone returns the stolen gun.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

39. You shouldn’t leave the documents on the desk.You should lock them up.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

40. No one can do anything unless someone gives us more information.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

41. Nobody swept this street last week.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

42. They are going to open a new school here , aren’t they?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

43. You should have take these books back to the library.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

44. Your brother is washing the clothes, isn’t he ?.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

45. Have you met him before ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

46. The police shouldn’t allow people to park there.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

47. People mustn’t leave bicycles in the hall.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

48. Who is going to meet Ann at the airport ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

49. You have to do this work now.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

50. Sarah was writing a letter when I came .

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………


II. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentenses.

  1. We can’t go along here because the road_______.

A. is repairing B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. repairs

  1. The story I’ve just read_______ Agatha Christie.

A. was written B. was written by C. was written from D. wrote by

  1. I’m going to go out and_______.

A. have cut my hair B. have my hair cut C. cut my hair D. my hair be cut

  1. Something funny_______ in class yesterday.

A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened

  1. Many US automobiles_______ in Detroit, Michigan

A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing

  1. We_______ by a loud noise during the night.

A. woke up B. are woken up C. were woken up D. were waking up

  1. Some film stars_______ difficult to work with.

A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be

  1. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? – I don’t enjoy_______ at.

A. be laughed B. to be laughed C. laughing D. being laughed

  1. Today, many serious childhood diseases_______ by early immunization.[ sự miễn dịch]

A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented

  1. Do you get your heating_______ every year?

A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked

  1. Bicycles_______ in the driveway.

A. must not leave B. must not be leaving C. must not be left D. must not have left

  1. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony_______ next weekend.[ Symphony: khúc giao hưởng]

A. is going to be performed B. has been performed C. will be performing D. will have perform

  1. All bottles_______ before transportation.

A. frozen B. were froze C. were frozen D. are froze

  1. ______________ yet?

A. Have the letters been typed B. Have been the letters typed

C. Have the letters typed D. Had the letters typed



  1. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where_______ for administration, broadcasting and education.

A. is used B. it is used C. used D. being used

  1. The telephones_______ by Alexander Graham Bell.

A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. was invented

  1. Lots of houses_______ by the earthquake.

A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. is destroyed

  1. Gold_______ in California in the 19th century.

A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. was discover D. they discover

  1. The preparation_______ by the time the guest_______.

A. had been finished- arrived B. have finished- arrived

C. had finished-were arriving D. have been finished- were arrived



  1. The boy_______ by the teacher yesterday.

A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished

  1. “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon”_ “They’ve already ______, sir. They’re on your desk.”

A. typed B. been being typed C. being typed D. been typed

  1. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It_______ of cotton.

A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made

  1. They had a boy _______ that yesterday.

A. done B. to do C. did D. do

  1. We got our mail _______ yesterday. [have/get sth done]

A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver

  1. James_______ the news as soon as possible.

A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should be telled


  1. My wedding ring _______ yellow and white gold.

A. is made B. is making C. made D. make

  1. Mr. Wilson is _______ as Willie to his friend.

A. known B. knew C. is known D. know

  1. References _______ in the examination room.

A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used

  1. Laura _______ in Boston.

A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born

  1. His car needs ________. [sth needs doing= sth needs to be done]

A. be fixed B. fixing C. to be fixing D. fixed

  1. Her watch needs _______.

A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repaired D. A and B

  1. My mother is going _____ this house.

A. sold B. sell C. to be sold D. to sell

  1. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are _______.

A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following

  1. Have you _______ by a dog?

A. bite B. bit C. ever been bitten D. ever been bit

  1. The room is being _______ at the moment.

A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean

  1. It _______ that the strike will end soon.

A. is expected B. expected C. are expected D. was expected

  1. It is _______ that many people are homeless after the floods.

A. was reported B. reports C. reported D. reporting

  1. He was said _______ this building.

A. designing B. to have designed C. to design D. designed

  1. Ted _______ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.

A. got sting B. got stung C. get stung D. gets stung

  1. These tennis courts don’t _____ very often. Not many people want to play.

A. got used B. used C. get used D. get use

  1. I’ll get Minh _______ this for you.

A. do B. done C. did D. to do

  1. Those letters _______ now. You can do the typing later.

A. need typing B. needn't be typed C. need to type D. needn't typing

  1. “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it_______ especially for me by a French tailor.”

A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made

  1. Somebody cleans the room every day.

A. The room everyday is cleaned. B. The room is every day cleaned.

C. The room is cleaned every day. D. The room is cleaned by somebody every day.



  1. People don’t use this road very often.

A. This road is not used very often. B. Not very often this road is not used.

C. This road very often is not used. D. This road not very often is used.



  1. How do people learn languages?

A. How are languages learned? B. How are languages learned by people?

C. How languages are learned? D. Languages are learned how?



  1. Over 1500 new houses _______ each year. Last year, 1720 new houses _______.

A. were built/were built B. are built/were built C. are building/were built D. were built/were built

  1. Tom bought that book yesterday.

A. That book was bought by Tom yesterday. B. That book was bought yesterday by Tom.

C. That book yesterday was bought by Tom D. That book was bought yesterday.



  1. The new computer system _______ next month.

A. is be installed B. is being installed by people C. is been installed D. is being installed

50. Traffic rules____________ strictly.

A. followed B. must followed C. must be followed D. must follow
CHUYÊN ĐỀ: PASSIVE VOICE (Tiếp theo)

(THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG)

PHẦN A: LÝ THUYẾT

MỘT SỐ DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT

1. Causative form: (Thể nhờ bảo): “Have” hoặc “Get”.

a. Have

* Chủ động: S + have + O.1 (person) + bare -V + O.2 (thing)

* Bị động : S + have + O.2 (thing) + past participle

Ex: I had him repair the roof yesterday.

---- I had the roof repaired yesterday.

b. Get

* Chủ động : S + get + O.1(person) + to- inf + O.2 ( thing)

* Bị động : S + get + O.2 (thing) + past participle

Ex: I will get her to cut my hair

---- I will get my hair cut.

2. Verbs of Opinion (Động từ chỉ quan điểm): Say, think, believe, know, report, rumour.....

Có 2 dạng bị động:

* Chủ động: S1 + V of pinion + (that) + clause (S2+V + O)

* Bị động : It + be + V of opinion ( PP) + (that) + clause.

Hoặc: S2 + be + V of opinion (PP) + to-inf



to have + PP

Ex: - They said that John is the brightest student in class.

→ It was said that John is the brightest student in class.

→ John was said to be the brightest student in class.

- They knew that Mary won the competition.

→ It was known that Mary won the competition

→ Mary was known to have won the competition.

3. Verbs of perception ( Động từ chỉ giác quan): see, watch, hear, .......

* Chủ động: S + V + O + bare - inf / V-ing

* Bị động : S + Be + V (PP) + to-inf/ V-ing

Ex: - People saw him steal your car.

→ He was seen to steal your car.

- The teacher is watching them working.

→ They are being watched working by the teacher.

4. Câu bị động đối với động từ NEED

Sau động từ need + V-ing thì câu mang nghĩa bị động (Hoặc need + to be + PP)



Ex: The windows need cleaning

(Hoặc The windows need to be cleaned)

* Các động từ require và want cũng được dùng như need trong trường hợp này

Ex: These letters require typing

(Hoặc These letters require to be typed )

5. Câu bị động đối với động từ MAKE

MAKE thường được theo sau bởi To – infinitive khi được dùng trong câu bị động

Ex: My boss made me work hard

→ I was made to work hard by my boss

6. Cấu trúc “Let somebody do something”

Ex: He let me go I was let go/ I was allowed to go

PHẦN B: BÀI TẬP

I. Choose the best answer:

1.“Those eggs of different colors are very artistic.” “Yes, they .......... in Russia”

a. were painted b. were paint c. were painting d. painted
2. “David is in prison for smoking drugs” “He .......... that it was against the law.”

a. is telling b. was told c. told d. tells

3. Reagan _______ an actor years ago.

a. is said to be b. was said being c. was said have been d. is said to have been

4. Gold .......... in California in the 19th century.

a. was discovered b. has been discovered

c. was discover d. they discovered

5. ............ that military spending is extremely high.

a. We are felt b. It feels c. It is felt d. We feel that it is

6. They ......... time and money doing such a thing.

a. were advised not to waste b. were advised not to be wasted

c. were advising not to waste d. were advising not to be wasted

7. These students ......... so much that they feel very tired and bored.

a. are made to study b. are made study

c. are making to study d. are made to be studied

8. I......... in the lounge for ten minutes.

a. was told waiting b. was told to wait

c. was telling to be waited d. was told to be waited

9. The students ....... to be at school at 8 am

a. tell b. told c. have told d. were told

10. Our children ........ to school by bus every morning.

a.take b. are taken c. have taken d. are taking

11. Bicycles .......... in the driveway.

a. must not leave b. must not be leaving

c. must not be left d. must not have left

12. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony ............. next weekend.

a. is going to be performed b. has been performed

c. will be performing d. will have performed

13. Reagan ............. an actor years ago.

a. is said to be b. was said being c. was said have been d. is said to have been

14. I hate ........... personal questions by nearly acquainted friends.

a. to be asking b. to be asked c. being asking d. of asking

15. It .......... that learning a foreign language ............ a lot of time.

a. says/ is take b. is saying / has been taken

c. is said/ takes d. was said/ was taken

16.All bottles ......... .. before transportation.

a. frozen b. were froze c. were frozen d. are froze

17. ..................... yet?

a. Have the letters been typed b. Have been the letters typed

c. Have the letters typed d. Had the letters typed

18. The application form______________ to the university before May 31st.

A. must send B. sent C. must be send D. must be sent

19. The telephone .......... by Alexander Graham Bell.

a. is invented b. is inventing c. invented d. was invented

20. Lots of houses ............ by the earthquake.

a. are destroying b. destroyed c. were destroyed d. were destroying

21. In the US the first stage of compulsory education .......... as elementary education.

a. to be generally known b. is generally known

c. generally known d. is generally knowing

22. .Education ............ to be the most important element to develop a country.

a. often be considered b. can be often considered

c. can often considered d. can often be considered

23. The preparations .............. by the time the guests ....................

a. had been finished / arrived b. have finished

c. had finished / were arriving d. had been finished / were arrived

24.............. students required to wear uniforms at all times?

a.. Are b. Do c. Did d. Will

25.. ............... to you yet?

a. Are the book been giving back b. Was the book been given back

c. Has been the book given back d. Has the book been given back

26. The house has…………………. after the fire.

A. to rebuild B. to be rebuilt C. be to rebuilt D. rebuilt

27 . The keys .......... somewhere.

a.must have been leaving b. must have left

c. must be leaving d. must have been left

28. Japanese ........ at the meeting.

a. will speak b. will spoken c. will be spoken d. will be speaking

29. Although he tried his best, he could not make his voice ..........

a. hear b. to hear c. hearing d. heard

30. .............. .in that company?

a. Do shoes make b. Are shoes be made

c. Shoes are made d. Are shoes made

31. Portuguese.......... as an official language in this city for ages.

a. has been spoken b. have been spoken

c. has spoken d. had spoken

32. More than ten victims ......... missing in the storm last week

a. are reported to be b. is reported to have been

c. are reporting to have been d. are reporting to be

33. ............. by your father?

a. Did that book write b. Did that book written

c. Was that book written d. Was that book be writing

34. Something ............. immediately to prevent teenagers from .......... in factories and mines.

a. should be done/ being exploited b. we should do/ exploiting

c. should do / be exploited d. should have done / exploited

35. This car......................

a. was manufactured in Japan by Toyota last year

b. was manufactured by Toyota last year in Japan

c. was manufactured last year in Japan by Toyota

d. last year was manufactured by Toyota in Japan

36. Why.............. on time?

a.don’t the exercises finish b. weren’t the exercises be finished

c. aren’t the exercises being finished d. aren’t the exercises finished

37. No longer ........ in our office since they ...............

a. have typewriters been used / computerized

b. typewriters have been used / was computerized

c. have typewriters been used / were computerized

d. typewriters have been used / computerized

38. When ..........?

a. was computers used first b. were computers first used

c. did computers first use d. are computers first using

39. That machine is useless. It .......... not been used for a long time

a.is b. was c. did d. has

40. Everything that ............remained a secret

a.overheard b. had been overheard

c. had overheard d. was overhearing

41. The refreshments...............by Karen.

a. are going to be prepared b. are going to prepare

c are preparing d. are to prepare

42. ..................by the police.

a. The stealing car has just been found b. The stolen car has just been found

b. The stealing car has just found d. The stolen car has just found

43. It ..........it is parents’ responsibility to take good care of their children.

a. commonly says that b. commonly to be said that

c. is commonly said that d. is commonly saying

44. John ........a respectful and obedient student.

a. said to be b. is said c. is said being d. is said to be



II. Choose the best answer:

45. People have discovered a new source of energy.

A. A new source of energy has discovered.

B. A new source of energy was discovered.

C. A new source of energy have been discovered

D. A new source of energy has been discovered

46. People say that he was born in London.

A. That is said he was born in London.

B. It was said that he was born in London.

C. He was said to be born in London.

D. He is said to have been born in London.

47. Today people are building many roads in our country.

A. Today many road are being built in our country.

B. Today many roads is being built in our country.

C. Today many roads are being built in our country.

D. Today many roads are being build in our country.

48. People say Chinese food is the best in the world.

A. Chinese food is said to be the best in the world.

B. I agree that Chinese food is the best in the world.

C. Chinese food is eaten all over the world.

D. No food in the world is eaten as much as Chinese food.

49. The storm blew a lot of trees down last night.

A. A lot of trees were blown down by the storm last night.

B. A lot of trees were cut down last night

C. The storm could have blown a lot of trees down.

D. The storm was strong enough to blow down old trees.

50. How are they going to do the assignments?

A. How is the assignments going to be done?

B. How are the assignments going to be do?

C. How are the assignments going to done?

D. How are the assignments going to be done?

51. Mr. Ba bought a new house last year.

A. A new house is bought last year by Mr. Ba.

B. A new house was buying by Mr. Ba last year.

C. A new house was bought last year by Mr. Ba.

D. A new house was bought by Mr. Ba last year.

52. They will ask you several questions.

A. You will be asking several questions.

B. You will be ask several questions.

C. You would be asked several questions.

D. You will be asked several questions

53. They have built two department stores this year.

A. Two department store are built this year.

B. Two department stores has been built this year.

C. Two department stores have been build this year.

D. Two department stores have been built this year.

54. _______ by the police.

A. The stealing car has just been found B. The stolen car has just been found

C. The stealing car has just found D. The stolen car has just found.

55. _______ to you yet?

A. Are the book been giving back B. Was the book been given back

C. Has been the book given back D. Has the book been given back

56. They cancelled all flights because of fog.

A. All flights because of fog were cancelled.

B. All flights were cancelled because of fog.

C. All flights were cancelled by them because of fog.

D. All flights were because of fog cancelled.

57. They are building a new highway around the city.

A. A new highway is being built around the city.

B. A new highway is being built around the city by them.

C. A new highway around the city is being built.

D. Around the city a new highway is being built.

58. They have built a new hospital near the airport.

A. A new hospital has been built near the airport by them.

B. A new hospital near the airport has been built.

C. A new hospital has been built near the airport.

D. Near the airport a new hospital has been built by them.

59. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.

A. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview.

B. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview by them.

C. A lot of questions will be asked you at the interview.

D. A lot of questions will be asked at the interview.

60. People don’t use this road very often.

A. This road is not used very often. B. Not very often this road is not used.

C. This road very often is not used. D. This road not very often is used.

61. Somebody accused me of stealing money.

A. I was accused by somebody of stealing money. B. I was accused of stealing money.

C. I was accused of stealing money by somebody. D. I was accused stealing money.

62. Somebody is using the computer at the moment.

A. The computer is being used at the moment.

B. The computer at the moment is being used.

C. The computer is being used by somebody at the moment.

D. The computer is used at the moment.

63. They have changed the date of the meeting.

A. The date of the meeting has been changed.

B. The date of the meeting has been changed by them.

C. The meeting has been changed the date.

D. The date of the meeting has changed.

64. It has been said that UFO sightings are increasing. `

A. People say that UFO sightings are increasing.

B. People have said that UFO sightings are increasing.

C. That UFO sightings are increasing is true.

D. UFO has been said to be inreasing.

65. People consider that his speech was one of the best.

A. It was considered that his speech was one of the best.

B. People are considered that his speech was one of the best.

C. It is considered that his speech was one of the best.

D. People were considered that his speech was one of the best.

66. They haven’t decided anything yet.

A. Nothing has been decided yet. B. Anything haven’t been decided yet.

C. Nothing has decided yet. D. Anything have decided yet.

67. Your hair is long. You ought to get it cut.

A. Your long hair needs cutting. B. You ought to have your long hair cut.

C. Your long hair should be cut. D. All are correct.

68. Somebody will call Mr. Watson tonight.

A. Mr. Watson will call somebody tonight. B. Mr. Watson will be call tonight.



C. Mr. Watson tonight will call somebody. D. Mr. Watson will be called tonight.




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