A. consonants
May I read your newspaper ? 2. Một số cách biến đổi tương đương
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May I read your newspaper ? 2. Một số cách biến đổi tương đương : - be necessary ( for O ) + to – V = need ( not ) Ex : It is unnecessary for him to study many subjects. He needn’t study many subjects / He does not need to study many subjects. - be possible / probable + to – V hoac maybe + perhaps = can / may + V
1. Since we have to be there by 8.30, we_____ take a taxi. A. had better B. may C. ought D. are able to 2. It_____ rain this evening. Why don't you take an umbrella? A. could be B. must C. might D. had better 3. This road is very narrow. It ___to be widened. A. might B. needs C. mustn’t D. may 4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t ___. A. be hurry B. to hurry C. hurry D. to be hurried 5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better___ to the doctor. A. to go B. went C. go D. going 6. My mother permitted me to go out at night. She said, “You ___ go out tonight.” A. may B. have to C. must D. ought to 7. He advised me to take an English course. I ___ it early. A. should have taken B. should take C. will have taken D. may take 8. You ___ ring the bell; I have a key. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t 9. _____ you help me with the homework? A. May B. Shall C. Should D. Will 10. By the time a baby has reached his first birthday, he should ___ sit up or even stand up. A. to be able to B. able to C. to be able D. be able to 11. Many birds will ___ more than 3,000 miles to reach their winter homes. A. flying B. fly C. be fly D. flew 12. We _____ put the fish in the fridge before it spoils. A. had to B. may C. can D. had better 13. Mr. Brown is very rich. He_____ work hard for a living. A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. doesn't have to 14. You _____ throw litter on the streets. A. mustn't B. couldn't C. needn't D. won't 15. ___ you speak any foreign languages? A. Could B. Must C. Can D. Might 16. ___ you mind my staying here for some days? A. Would B. Could C. Can D. Should 17. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week. A can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not 18. "Must we do it now?" -"No, you _____ .” A. won't B. needn't C. can't D. don't 19. “Have you seen Kate?” “No, but she ___ be at her desk.” A. may B. ought C. would D. can 20. We have enough food for dinner so you _______ go to the market. A. needn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. not going to 21. We were very worried. Someone _______ the car. A. might have taken B. should have taken C. needn’t have taken D. will have taken 22. It is nearly eight o’clock. They _______ by now. A. should arrive B. will have arrived C. need arrive D. needn’t have arrived 23. We won’t eat until they arrive. They _______ supper. A. needn’t have had B. will have had C. might not have had D. may be 24. It’s not necessary that you do your homework now. A. You needn’t do your homework now B. You don’t have to do your homework now C. You must do your homework now. D. You can not do no homework now. 25. He _______ go to the beach this weekend if the weather is good. A. might B. must C. can D. needs * Exercise 2. Rewrite each of the following sentences so that it has the same meaning as the first one. 1. It is necessary for the young to learn English. (NEED) -> ........................................................................................................ 2. It is unnecessary for children to get up early. (NEED) -> ........................................................................................................ 3. Maybe she will come here tomorrow. (POSSIBLE) -> ........................................................................................................ 4. Lily cleaned the house, but her mother had cleaned it before. (NEEDN’T) -> ........................................................................................................ 5. He had a lot of homework to do but he did not do them. (SHOULD) -> ........................................................................................................ 6. I would have been able to finish the report if I had had more time. ( COULD) -> ........................................................................................................ 7. I’m sure they haven’t called yet. ( CAN’T) -> ........................................................................................................ 8. It’s not necessary for you to come early (NEED) -> ........................................................................................................
-> ........................................................................................................ 10. I’d prefer not to go with her friends. (RATHER) -> ........................................................................................................ SUBJECT - VERB AGREEMENT RULES I. Singular verb (Động từ số ít): Hai danh từ cùng chỉ một người, một vật, một thứ: Example: The writer and poet is coming tonight. ( Nhà văn kiêm nhà thơ sẽ đến tối nay.)  Each / Every / either/ neither +{ danh từ số ít} / { of + danh từ số nhi ều } Động từ số ít
Example: Each of children has a toy. ( Mỗi trẻ đều có một đồ chơi.) Someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, everyone something, nothing, anything, everything Example: Everything looks bright and clean. (Mọi thứ có vẻ sáng sủa và sạch sẽ.) Các danh từ chỉ môn học, tên bệnh và tên quốc gia kết thúc là ‘s’: NEWS (bản tin), PHYSICS (môn lý), ECNOMICS (kinh tế học), MATHEMATICS (toán), POLITICS (chính trị học), ATHLETES (môn điền kinh), MEALES (bệnh sởi), MUMPS (bệnh quai bị), the PHILIPINES (nước Phi), the United States (nước Mỹ).... Example: Physics is more difficult than chemistry. (Môn lý thì khó hơn môn hoá) Các danh từ không đếm được: FURNITURE (đồ đạc), TRAFFIC( giao thông), KNOWLEDGE (kiến thức), HOMEWORK... (bài tập) Example: The furniture is m ore expensive than we think. ( Món đồ thì đắt hơn chúng ta nghĩ) Các từ chỉ số lượng thời gian, khoảng cách và tiền: Example: For weeks is a longer time to wait him. ( 4 tuần là m ột khoảng thời gian dài để chờ cậu ấy) Three thousand dollars is a big sum of money. (3000 US$ là một khoản tiền lớn.) II. Plural verb (Động từ số nhiều): Hai danh từ chỉ hai người, hai vật, hai thứ khác nhau: Example:Water and oil do not mix. ( Nước thì không hoà tan với dầu ăn) Tính từ được dùng như danh từ : The + ADJ: the poor (người nghèo), the sick(người bệnh), the rich, Example:The rich are not always happy. ( Người giàu không phải lúc nào cũng hạnh phúc.) Các danh từ PEOPLE (người ta), POLICE (cảnh sát), CATTLE (súc vật) Example:The police h as arrested the thieves ( Cảnh sát vừa bắt bọn ăn trộm) Các từ A FEW, BOTH.... Example: A few books I read are famous. ( m ột số sách tôi đã đọc thì nỗi tiếng) III. Singular or plual verbs (Số nhiều hoặc số ít): The number of + DT số nhiều Động từ số ít
A number of + DT số nhiều Động từ số nhiều
Example: The number of students in this class is small. A number of children like cakes. NO + DT số ít Động từ số ít
NO + DT số nhiều Động từ số nhiều
Example: No student is in the hall. No students are on the schoolyard. All / some/ none /plenty/ half/ most/ a lot / lots + OF+ DT số ít Động từ số ít
All / some/ none /plenty/ half/ most/ a lot / lots + OF+ DT số nhiều Động từ số nhiều
Example: None of the boys is good at English. There ( be) + N: There is a fire in this room The committee (uỷ ban), group (nhóm), team (đội), class (lớp), family (gia đình) IV. Hợp với chủ ngữ gần: (Danh từ liên kết bởi cặp từ nối song song) EITHER OR NEITHER + N1 + NOR + N2 + verb NOT ONLY BUT ALSO Example: Not only my brother but also my sister is here. V. Hợp với chủ ngữ xa: (Danh từ đựơc bổ nghĩa bởi cụm giới từ)
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