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AN EXPANDED DEFINITION OF LAND AND LAND RESOURCES
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40 2019 ND-CP 413905
| AN EXPANDED DEFINITION OF LAND AND LAND RESOURCES
At one time it was a common practice to equate land with soil. One of the first points made in the 1976 FAO Framework for land evaluation was that land, regarded as a basis for agriculture and other rural land use activities, includes also the climate, vegetation, slope conditions, and other natural resources. Hence the Framework defined land as an area of the earth’s surface, the characteristics of which embrace all reasonably stable, or predictably cyclic, attributes of the biosphere vertically above and below this area, including those of the atmosphere, the soil and underlying geology, the hydrology, the plant and animal populations, and the results of past and present human activity, to the extent that these attributes exert a significant influence on present and future uses of the land by humans. This view of land and land resources takes into account the physio-biotic and socio- economic resources of the physical entity. The UN definition (UN 1995) places more explicit emphasis on environmental aspects. The UN defines land as a delineable area of the earth’s terrestrial surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or below this surface including those of the near-surface climate, the soil and terrain forms, the surface hydrology (including shallow lakes, rivers, marshes and swamps), the near-surface sedimentary layers and associated groundwater reserve, the plant and animal populations, the human settlement pattern and physical results of past and present human activity (terracing, water storage or drainage structures, infrastructure, buildings, etc.). According to Sombroek and Sims (1995), the above definition conforms to land system units, landscape-ecological units or ‘unités de terroir’, as building blocks of a catchment or a biome. This is distinct from the administrative unit of land (‘territoire’), which is intrinsically linked to an ownership or political unit, and may encompass a number of natural units or parts of them. The components of the natural land unit (e.g. physical, biotic, environmental, infrastructural, socio-economic) are termed land resources. Included in the land resources are surface and near-surface freshwater resources for reasons of management. Major freshwater bodies, underground geological resources and deeper geohydrological resources are excluded and considered a separate resource. tải về 0.57 Mb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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