A. is made B. is making C. made D. make Mr. Wilson is _________ as Willie to his friend. A. known

40. 
    Mr. Wilson is _________ as Willie to his friend. A. known B. knew C. is known D. know
    
41. 
    References _________ in the examination room. A. not are used B. is not used C. didn’t used D. are not used
    
42. 
    Laura _________ in Boston. A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born
    
43. 
    His car needs _________
    

44. 
    Her watch needs _________. A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repaired D. A and B
    
45. 
    My mother is going _________ this house. A. sold B. sell C. to be sold D. to sell
    
46. 
    There’s somebody behind us. I think we are _________.
    

47. 
    Have you _________ by a dog? A. bite B. bit C. ever been bitten D. ever been bit
    
48. 
    The room is being _________ at the moment. A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean
    
49. 
    It _________ that the strike will end soon.
    

50. 
    It is _________ that many people are homeless after the floods.
    

51. 
    He was said _________ this building. A. designing B. to have designed C. to design D. designed
    
52. 
    Ted _________ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
    

53. 
    These tennis courts don’t _________ very often. Not many people want to play.
    

54. 
    I’ll get Minh _________ this for you. A. do B. done C. did D. to do
    
55. 
    Those letters _________ now. You can do the typing later.
    

56. 
    “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it_________ especially for me by a French tailor.”
    

57. 
    Somebody cleans the room every day.
    

C. The room is cleaned every day. D. The room is cleaned by somebody every day.

58. 
    People don’t use this road very often.
    

C. This road very often is not used. D. This road not very often is used.

59. 
    How do people learn languages?
    

C. How languages are learned? D. Languages are learned how?

60. 
    Over 1500 new houses _________ each year. Last year, 1720 new houses _________.
    

61. 
    Tom bought that book yesterday.
    

C. That book yesterday was bought by Tom D. That book was bought yesterday.

62. 
    The new computer system _________ next month.
    

Eg: Tom says, “I go to college next summer”

MĐTT Lời nói trực tiếp

Tom says (that) he goes to college next summer

MĐTT Lời nói gián tiếp

eg: John said, “I like reading science books”

The teacher said, “I’ll give you a test tomorrow”

b. Reported speech / Indirect speech: Là lời nói được thuật lại với ý và từ của người thuật, nhưng vẫn giữ nguyên ý. Không bị ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy hay dấu ngoặc kép, và luôn tận cùng bằng dấu chấm câu.

Eg: John said (that) he liked reading science books

The teacher said (that) he would give us a test the next day

B/ Các thay đổi trong câu gián tiếp

1. Thay đổi động từ tường thuật: Động từ tường thuật của lời nói trực tiếp phải được đổi phù hợp với nghĩa hoặc cấu trúc câu của lời nói gián tiếp

Eg: He said, “Do you like coffee?”  He asked me if I liked coffee

“If I were you, I’d not buy that coat,” said Mary  Mary advised me not to buy the coat

Chú ý: SAY TO: không bao giờ được dùng ở lời nói gián tiếp. (phải đổi bằng TELL + (O))

TELL: không bao giờ được dùng ở lời nói trực tiếp.

2. Thay đổi các ngôi ( đại từ, tính từ, đại từ sở hữu):

VD: Mr Nam said to Hoa, “You take your book out and show it to me”

- Tình huống 1: Một người bạn của Hoa tường thuật với người bạn khác: Mr Nam told Hoa that she took her book out and showed it to him.

- Tình huống 2: Hoa tường thuật với một người bạn khác: Mr Nam told me that I took my book out and showed it to him

- Tình huống 3: Thầy Nam tường thuật với người khác: I told Hoa that she took her book out and showed it to me

3. Thay đổi thời gian, địa điểm, các từ chỉ định

a. Từ chỉ thời gian

Câu trực tiếp	Câu gián tiếp
- now - an hour ago - today - tonight - yesterday - tomorrow - Yesterday morning/ afternoon - Tomorrow morning - the day before yesterday - the day after tomorrow - last year - next month	 then, at that time, at once, immediately  an hour before/an hour earlier  that day  that night  the day before/the previous day  the next day/the following day  the previous morning/ afternoon  the next/following morning  two days before  (in) two days’ time  the year before/the previous year  the month after/the following month

HERE  THERE: Khi chỉ một địa điểm xác định

Eg: “Do you put the pen here?” he said  He asked me if I put the pen there

HERE cụm từ thích hợp tùy theo nghĩa:

Eg: She said to me, “You sit here”  She told me to sit next to her.

“Come here, John,” he said  He told John to come over him.

THIS/ THESE + từ chỉ thời gian  THAT/THOSE

Eg: “They’re coming this evening,” he said.  He said (that) they were coming that evening

THIS/THESE + danh từ  THE

Eg: “Is this book yours?” said Mary  Mary asked me if the book was mine

THIS/THESE: chỉ thị đại từ  IT/ THEM

Eg: He said, “I like this”  He said (that) he liked it

Ann said to Tom, “Please take these into my room”  Ann asked Tom to take them into her room

• 
  Các trường hợp thay đổi thì:
  

• 
  Các trường hợp không thay đổi thì:
  

Eg: He says, “I don’t know the answer to your question”

 He says to me that he doesn’t know the answer to my question

They’ll say, “We’ll buy a new house”  They’ll say (that) they will buy a new house

Eg: My teacher said, “Russia is the biggest country in the world”

 My teacher said that Russia is the biggest country in the world

He said, “health is more precious than gold”  He said (that) health is more precious than gold

Eg: (In class): A: What did the teacher say?

B: He said (that) he wants us to do our homework

- Khi động từ trong câu trực tiếp là các động từ như: USED TO, hay các động từ khiếm khuyết: COULD, WOULD, SHOULD, MIGHT, OUGHT TO, HAD TO, HAD BETTER

Eg: He said, “They might win the game”  He said to me that they might win the game.

- Với MUST diễn tả lời khuyên:

Eg: “This book is very useful. You must read it”, Tom said to me.

 Tom told me (that) the book was very useful and I must read it.

- Khi động từ trong câu trực tiếp ở các thì: Past Continuous, Past perfect, Past Perfect Continuous, (nếu thì Simple Past đi kèm một thời gian cụ thể có thể không thay đổi thì).

Eg: He said, “I was eating when he called me”  He told me he was eating when she called him.

Eg: He said, “I wish I were richer”  He told me he wished he were richer

She said, “I wish I had a good memory” She said she wished she had a good memory

- Các câu điều kiện loại 2, 3 (câu điều kiện không thật)

Eg: He said, “If I had time, I would help you”  He said to me if he had time, he would help me

- Cấu trúc “It’s (high) time…”

Eg: He said, “It’s time we went”  He said it was time they went.

He said, “It’s time we changed our way of working”  He said (that) it was time they changed their way of working.

- Dùng say hoặc tell để tường thuật

- Thường bắt đầu bằng: He said that…./ she said to me that…/ they told me that….,

eg: She said, “I’m happy to see you again”

 She said that she was happy to see me again

She said to me that she was happy to see me again

She told me that she was happy to see me again

- Chú ý đổi thì, các đại từ, các từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm…

- Thường bắt đầu bằng: He asked (me) …/ He wanted to know…/ She wondered….

Eg: She asked, “What is his job?”  She asked what his job was.

They asked me, “Where did you have lunch?”  They asked me where I had lunch.

- Không đặt trợ động từ trước chủ ngữ như trong câu hỏi trực tiếp.

- Không đặt dấu chấm hỏi cuối câu.

- Thay đổi thì , đại từ, các từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm…

b. Đối với câu hỏi “Yes – No” hoặc câu hỏi lựa chọn “Or”

- Phải thêm từ “if/whether” để mở đầu câu tường thuật

eg: She asked, “are you a teacher?”  She asked him if/whether he was a teacher

They asked me, “Do you want to go or stay at home?”  They asked me if/ whether I wanted to go or stay at home.

- Câu hỏi đuôi được tường thuật giống câu hỏi Yes/No nhưng bỏ phần đuôi phía sau

eg: She asked, “You will stay here, won’t you?”  She asked me if/whether I would stay there.

Eg: “Read carefully before signing the contract,” he said.  He told me to read carefully before signing the contract)

“The commander said to his soldier, "Shoot!"  The commander ordered his soldier to shoot.

“Please talk slightly,” they said.  They requested us to talk slightly.

“Listen to me, please”  He asked me to listen to him.

“Will you help me, please?”  He asked me to help him.

“Will you lend me your dictionary?”  He asked me to lend him my dictionary.

b. Tường thuật lời khuyên (Advice) dùng cấu trúc: advise somebody (not) to do something

Lời khuyên: - Had better, ought to, should, must

- Why don’t you + V?

- If I were you, I’d (not) + V…

Eg: “Why don’t you take a course in computer?” my teacher said to me.

 My teacher advised me to take a course in computer.

Eg: “Would you like to have breakfast with me?” Tom said to me.  Tom invited me to have breakfast with him.

“Don’t touch the red buttons,” said the mom to the child.  The mom warns the child not to touch the red buttons

“Don’t forget to turn off the lights before leaving,” Sue told me  Sue reminded me to turn off the lights before leaving

“Go on, take part in the competition,” said my father  My father encouraged me to take part in the competition

“Do me a favor, please,” said the servant to his master  The servant begged/implored his master to do him a favor.

Lời đề nghị: - Shall I + V

- Would you like me + to V

- Let me + V

Eg: Mary said to Ann, “Shall I get you a glass of orange juice?”  Mary offered to get Anna a glass of orange juice.

“Shall I bring you some tea?” He asked  He offered to bring me some tea

Eg: “I’ll give the book back to you tomorrow,” he said  He promised to give the book back to me the next day.

“I’ll shot if you move,” said the robber  The robber threatened to shoot if I moved

Các cấu trúc của câu tường thuật với danh động từ:

Eg: “I’ve always wanted to study abroad,” he said.  He’s dreaming of studying abroad.

“It’s nice of you to give me some fruit. Thanks,” Ann said to Mary Ann thanked Mary for giving her some fruit

“I’m sorry, I’m late,” Tom said to the teacher.  Tom apologized to the teacher for being late

“Shall we meet at the theater?” he asked  He suggested meeting at the theater.
5. Câu cảm thán trong lời nói gián tiếp

What a lovely dress!  She exclaimed that the dress was lovely.

She exclaimed that the dress was a lovely one.

She exclaimed with admiration at the sight of the dress.

She said, “Can you play the piano?” and I said “no”

 She asked me if I could play the piano and I said that I could not
* PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG

A. Choose the correct answer among A , B C or D.

1. “I wish..............eat vegetables”, he said.

A. my children will B. my children would C. whether my children would D. my children must

2. He wants to know whether I_____________ back tomorrow.

A. come B. came C. will come D. would come

3. I wonder why he______________ love his family.

4. He begged them --------------.

A. help him B. should help him C. to help him D. help to him

5. Peter asked Jane why -------------- the film on T.V the previous night.

A. didn’t she watch B. hadn’t she watched C. she doesn’t watch D. she hadn’t watched

6. He advised them -------------- in class.

A. to not talk B. not to talk C. to talk not D. don’t talk

7. Some one was wondering if the taxi -------------- yet.

8. The government has announced that taxes --------------.

A. would be raised B. had been raised C. were raised D. will be raised

9. He proved that the earth -------------- round the Sun.

A. had gone B. was going C. goes D. would go

10. Claire wanted to know what time --------------.

A. do the banks close B. the banks closed C. did the banks close D. the banks would close

11. Julia said that she ___________ there at noon.

A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be

12. He _______ that he was leaving that afternoon.

13. She said to me that she __________ to me the Sunday before.

A. wrote B. had written C. was writing D. has written

14. Nam wanted to know what time ________.

A. does the movie begin B. did the movie begin C. the movie begins D. the movie began

15. He asked me _______ Robert and I said I did not know _______.

A. that did I know / who were he B. that I knew / who he had been

C. if I knew/ who he was D. whether I knew / who had he been

16. I asked Martha ______ to enter law school.

A. was she planning B. is she planning C. if she was planning D. are you planning

17. I wondered_______ the right thing.

18. Thu said she had been___________ the day before.

A. here B. there C. in this place D. where

19. Peter said that if he ________rich, he _________ a lot.

A. is – will travel B. were- would travel C. was – will travel C. been–would travel

20. They said that they had been driving through the desert__________.

21. He asked the children _________too much noise.

22. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since _______.

A. yesterday B. two days ago C. the day before D. the next day

23. Mr Hawk told me that he would give me his answer the………..day

24. John said he _________ her since they ________ school.

A. hasn’t met–left B. hadn’t met-had left C. hadn’t met/ left D. didn’tmeet – left

25. The woman asked __________get lunch at school.

A. can the children B. whether the children could C. if the children can D. could the children

26. She said that when she_________ to school, she saw an accident.

A. was walking B. has walked C. had been walking D. has been walking

27. He asked, “Why didn’t she take the final exam?” - He asked why __________ the final exam.

A. she took B. did she take C. she hadn’t taken D. she had taken

28. Peter said he__________ some good marks the semester before.

A. gets B. got C. had gotten D. have got

29. They told their parents that they___________ their best to do the test.

A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try

30. Mary asked me where I___________ from.

31. She asked me _______ my holidays _______.

A. where I spent / the previous year B. where I had spent/ the previous year

C. where I spent / last year D. where did I spend / last year

32. He asked me who____________ the editor of that book.

A. was B. were C. is D. has been

33. Jason told me that he _______ his best in the exam the _______ day.

A. had done/ following B. will do/previous C. would do/ following D. was going/ previous

34. The guest told the host that _______.

A. I must go now B. he must go now C. he had to go now D. he had to go then
B. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to each sentence below.

35. '' Where did you go last night''? she said to her boyfriend.

A. She asked her boyfriend where did he go last night.

B. She asked her boyfriend where he went the night before.

C. She asked her boyfriend where had he gone the night before.