ĐỀ CƯƠng ôn thi tốt nghiệp thpt quốc gia môn tiếng anh


SKILL 9: DETERMINE MEANINGS FROM WORD PARTS



tải về 4.05 Mb.
trang19/46
Chuyển đổi dữ liệu07.07.2016
Kích4.05 Mb.
#199
1   ...   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   ...   46

SKILL 9: DETERMINE MEANINGS FROM WORD PARTS

When you are asked to determine the meaning of a long word that you do not know in the reading sec The following chart contains a few word parts that you will need to know.



A SHORT LIST OF WORD PARTS

PART

MEANING

EXAMPLE

PART

MEANING

EXAMPLE

CONTRA

(against)

contrast

DIC

(say)

dictate

MAL

(bad)

malcontent

DOMIN

(master)

dominant

MIS

(error)

mistake

JUD

(judge)

judgment

SUB

(under)

subway

MOR

(death)

mortal

DEC

(ten)

decade

SPEC

(see)

spectator

MULTI

(many)

multiple

TERR

(earth)

territory

SOL

(one)

solo

VER

(turn)

divert

TRI

(three)

triple

VIV

(live)

revive

SKILL 10: USE CONTEXT TO DETERMINE MEANINGS OF DIFFICULT WORDS

VOCABULARY QUESTIONS CONTAINING DIFFICULT WORDS

HOW TO IDENTIFY THE QUESTION

What is the meaning of “X” in line Y?

The word “X” in line Y is closest in meaning to….



WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER

Information to help you understand the meaning of an unknown word can often be found in the context surrounding the unknown word.

HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION

  1. Find the word in the passage.

  2. Read the sentence that contains the word carefully.

  3. Look for context clues to help you understand the meaning.

  4. Choose the answer that the context indicates.

SKILL 11: USE CONTEXT TO DETERMINE MEANINGS OF SIMPLE WORDS

VOCABULARY QUESTIONS CONTAINING SIMPLE WORDS

HOW TO IDENTIFY THE QUESTION

What is the meaning of “X” in line Y?

The word “X” in line Y could best to replaced by….



WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER

Information to help you understand the secondary meaning of a simple word can often be found in the context surrounding the word.

HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION

  1. Find the word in the passage.

  2. Read the sentence that contains the word carefully.

  3. Look for context clues to help you understand the meaning.

  4. Choose the answer that the context indicates.

SKILL 12: DETERMINE WHERE SPECIFIC INFORMATION IS FOUND

QUESTIONS ABOUT WHERE IN THE PASSAGE

HOW TO IDENTIFY THE QUESTION

Where in the passage…..?

WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER

The answer can be in any of the lines listed in the answers to the question.

HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION

  1. Choose a key word or idea in the question.

  2. Skim the appropriate part(s) of the passage looking for the key word or idea.

  3. Choose the answer that contains the key word or idea.

SKILL 13: DETERMINE THE TONE, PURPOSE, OR COURSE

TONE, PURPOSE, OR COURSE

HOW TO IDENTIFY THE QUESTION

What is the tone of the passage?

What is the author’s purpose in this passage?

In which course would this reading be assigned


WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER

tone

Look for clues throughout the passage that show if the author is showing some emotion rather than just pressing facts.

purpose

Draw a conclusion about the purpose from the main idea and supporting ideas.

course

Draw a conclusion about the course from the topic of the passage and the supporting ideas.

HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION

Tone

  1. Skim the passage looking for clues that the author is showing some emotion.

  2. Choose the answer that identifies the emotion.

Purpose

  1. Study the main idea in the topic sentence and the details used to support the main idea.

  2. Draw a conclusion about the purpose.

course

  1. Study the main idea in the topic sentence and the details used to support the main idea.

  2. Draw a conclusion about the course.



EXERCISES

Read the following passage, and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions:

PASSAGE 1

In the United States, presidential elections are held in years evenly divisible by four (1888, 1900, 1964, etc.). Since 1840, American presidents elected in years ending with zero have died in office, with one exception. William H. Harrison, the man who served the shortest term, died of pneumonia only several weeks after his inauguration.

Abraham Lincoln was one of four presidents who were assassinated. He was elected in 1860, and his untimely death came just five years later. James A. Garfield, a former Union army general from Ohio, was shot during his first year in office (1881) by a man to whom he wouldn't give a job. While in his second term of office (1901), William McKinley, another Ohioan, attended the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. During the reception, he was assassinated while shaking hands with some of the guests. John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963 in Dallas only three years after his election.

Three years after his election in 1920, Warren G, Harding died in office. Although it was never proved, many believe he was poisoned. Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected four times (1932, 1936, 1940 and 1944), the only man to serve so long a term. He had contracted polio in 1921 and eventually died of the illness in 1945.

Ronald Reagan, who was elected in 1980 and reelected four years later, suffered an assassination attempt but did not succumb to the assassin's bullets. He was the first to break the long chain of unfortunate events. Will the candidate in the election of 2020 also be as lucky?


  1. All of the following were election years EXCEPT ________.

A. 1960 B. 1930 C.1888 D.1824

  1. Which president served the shortest term in office?

A. Abraham Lincoln B. Warren G. Harding C. William McKinley D. William H. Harrison

  1. Which of the following is true?

A. All presidents elected in years ending in zero have died in office.

B. Only presidents from Ohio have died in office.

C. Franklin D. Roosevelt completed four terms as president.

D. Four American presidents have been assassinated.



  1. How many presidents elected in years ending in zero since 1840 have died in office?

A. 7 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3

  1. The word "inauguration" in the first paragraph means most nearly the same as ________.

A. election B. acceptance speech

C. swearing-in ceremony D. campaign



  1. All of the following presidents were assassinated EXCEPT ________.

A. John F. Kennedy B. Franklin D. Roosevelt

C. Abraham Lincoln D. James A. Garfield



  1. The word "whom" in the second paragraph refers to ________.

A. Garfield B. Garfield's assassin C. a Union army general D. McKinley

  1. The word "assassinated" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ________

A. murdered B. decorated C. honored D. sickened

  1. In the third paragraph, "contracted" is closest in meaning to ________.

A. communicated about B. developed C. agree about D. notified

  1. How long did Warren G, Harding work as a president?

A. 2 years B. 3 years C. 4 years D. 4 years
PASSAGE 2

After inventing dynamite, Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony. Nobel's original legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $30,000 to $125,000. Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges' decisions. Americans have won numerous science awards, but relatively few literature prizes. No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes. No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War 11. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes.




  1. The word "foresaw" in the first paragraph is nearest in meaning to ________.

A. prevailed B. postponed C. prevented D. predicted

  1. The Nobel prize was established in order to ________.

A recognize worthwhile contributions to humanity B. resolve political differences

C. honor the inventor of dynamite D. spend money



  1. In which area have Americans received the most awards?

A. Literature B. Peace C. Economics D. Science

  1. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT ________.

A. Awards vary in monetary value

B. ceremonies are held on December 10 to commemorate Nobel's invention

C. Politics plays an important role in selecting the winners

D. A few individuals have won two awards



  1. In how many fields are prizes bestowed?

A. 2 B. 5 C.6 D. 10

  1. It is implied that Nobel's profession was in ________.

A. chemistry B. medicine C. literature D. science

  1. In the first paragraph, "worthwhile" is closest in meaning to ________.

A. economic B. prestigious C. trivial D. valuable

  1. How much money did Nobel leaves for the prizes?

A. $30,000 B. $125,000

C. $155,000 D. from $30,000 to $125,000



  1. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Alfred Nobel became very rich when he invented dynamite.

B. Alfred Nobel created awards in six categories for contributions to humanity.

C. Alfred Nobel left all of his money to science

D. Alfred Nobel made a lasting contribution to humanity



  1. The word "legacy" in the second paragraph means most nearly the same as ________.

A. legend B. bequest C. prize D. debt

PASSAGE 3

For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming back to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in commom. They spend part of each day alone. They are called “latchkey children”. They are children who look after themselves while their parents work. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

Lynette Long was once the principle of an elementary school. She said, “We had a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling them to put the keys inside the shirts. There were so many keys; it never came to my mind what they meant.” Slowly, she learned that they were house keys.

She and her husband began talking to the children who had keys. They learned of the effect working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear was the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being frightened. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.

The most common was latchkey children deal with their fears is by hidding. They may hide in a shower stall, under a bed or in a closet. The second is TV. They often turn the volume up. It’s hard to get statistics on latchkey children, the Long have learned. Most parents are slow to admit that they leave their children alone.
1. The phrase “an empty house” in the passage mostly means……..

A. a house with nothing inside B. a house with no people inside

C. a house with too much space D. a house with no furniture

2. One thing that the children in the pasage share is that………

A. They all watch TV. B. They all wear jewelry

C.They spend part of each day alone D. they are from single- parent families.

3.The phrase “ latchkey children” in the pasage means children who……….

A. look after themselves while their parents are not at home

B. close doors with keys and watch TV by themselves

C. are locked inside houses with latches and keys.

D. like to carry latches and keys with them everywhere

4. The main problem of latchkey children is that they……

A. watch too much television during the day

B. are growing in numbers.

C. suffer a lot from being left alone.

D. are also found in middle- class families

5. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. Bad condition of latchkey children.

B. Children’s activities at home

C. How kids spend free time

D. Why kids hate going home

6. Why did a lot of kids have chains around their necks with keys attached?

A. Schools didn’t allow them wear jewelry, so they wore keys instead.

B. They would use the keys to enter their houses when they came home

C. The were fully grown and had become independent.

D. They had to use the keys to open school doors.

7. What do latchkey children suffer most from when they are at home alone?

A. Fear B. Tidedness C. Loneliness D. Boredom

8. Lynette Long learned to latchkey children’s problems by….

A. talking to them B. visiting their homes

C. interviewing their parents D. delivering naires

9. What is the most common way for latchkey children to deal with fears?

A. Talking to the Longs B. Hiding somewhere

C. Lying under a TV D. Having a shower

10. It’s difficult to find out the number of latchkey children because……….

A. they hide themselves in shower stalls or under beds

B. they do not give information about themselves for safety reasons

C. there are too many of them in the whole country

D. most parents are reluctant to admit that they leave their children alone
PASSAGE 4
American Online is one of the big names on the Internet, and unlikely many other digital companies, it actually makes a profit. But the company which its rivals call the “Cyber- cockroach” was launched only in 1992. Before that it was a small firm called control Video Corporation, and it made video games. Then Steve Case, a former Pizza Hut marketing executive arrived and took the company online, innovative, fast moving, and user- friendly, American Online appeals to people who want to surf the Internet, but who do not have a lot of experience. For the same reason “ teachies”, people who think the are more expert with computers, look down on American Online and its users. Recently, American Online (or AOL, as it calls itself ) joined with Time Warner- a multi- million- dollar movie and magazine company- to create a multimedia giant.

Now, AOL has begun to expand abroad. In many Europe countries, including the United Kingdom, it is hard to buy a computer magazine that does not have a free AOL introductory offer. The company also puts advertisements onto the television, and employs people to hand out its free introductory disks at places like train stations. As the Internet gets faster AOL is changing. With many homes getting high- speech connections through fiber optic cables or the new ADSL technology, the “Cyber- cockroach” will have to show that, like real cockroaches, it can survive in almost any environment.


1. What is the passage about?

A. A computer company B. A software company

C. An Internet Company D. a video company

2. The word “it” refers to............

A. An American Online B. Cyber- Cockroach

C. Control Video Corporation D. Digital company

3. Who does Steve Case work for?

A. AOL B. Pizza Huts C. Control Video Corporation D. None of these

4. How do “teachies” feel about American Online?

A. They think it is a Cyber- cockroach. B. They think it is for expert

C. They thinlk it is a movie and magazine company. D. They feel superior to its users.

5. American Online has the following characteristics EXCEPT.......

A. innovative B. fast moving C. user- friendly D. experienced

6. People who use American Online are probably.......

A. video game players B. “teachies”

C. movie fans D. people new to the Internet

7. American Online is an unusual digital company because........

A. it used to make video games B. it is innovative

C. it makes money D. it has joined with another company

8. Which marketing idea is not mentioned?

A. Advertisements on the Internet. B. Advertisements on TV

C. Free disks in journals D. people giving disks away

9. What does the articles say about AOL’s future?

A. It will do well B. it will do badly

C. It will face challenges D. The article doesn’t say

10. This passage is about ............

A. technology B. a history of the Internet

C. computer users D. a successful business



PASSAGE 5
In addition to providing energy, fats have other functions in the body. The fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K, are dissolved in fats, as their name implies. Good source of these vitamins have high oil or fat content, and the vitamins are stored in the body’s fatty tissues. In the diet, fats cause food to remain longer in the stomach, thus increasing the feeling of fullness for some time after a meal is eaten.

Fats add variety, taste and texture to foods, which accounts for the popularity of fried foods. Fatty deposits in body have an insulating and protective value. The curves of the human female body are due mostly to strategically located fat deposits. Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely known. When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly and their reproductive systems are damaged. Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, prevents these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids. They also required by a number of other animals, but their roles in human beings are debatable. Most nutritionists consider linoleic fatty acid an essential nutrient for humans.


Question 1: The passage probably appears in which of the following?
A. A diet book B. A book on basic nutrition

C. A cook book D. A popular women’s magazine



Question 2: The word “functions” is closest in meaning to .

  1. forms B. needs C. jobs D. sources

Question 3: All of the following vitamins are stored in the body’s fatty tissues EXCEPT_____.

  1. vitamin A B. vitamin D C. vitamin B D. vitamin E


tải về 4.05 Mb.

Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
1   ...   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   ...   46




Cơ sở dữ liệu được bảo vệ bởi bản quyền ©hocday.com 2024
được sử dụng cho việc quản lý

    Quê hương