Reported speech ( lời nói trần thuật)  là câu thuật lại một cách gián tiếp lời nói

9. Reported speech ( lời nói trần thuật)  là câu thuật lại một cách gián tiếp lời nói

* Thay đổi về thì (Tense change) :-  Nếu động từ thường thuật (reporting verb) của câu ở thì quá khứ thì phải lùi động từ chính về quá khứ một bậc khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) sang lời nói gián tiếp (indirect / reported speech) theo quy tắc sau :

          Direct speech                -                   Indirect / reported speech)

Simple present                                                  Simple past

Present progressive                                          Past progressive

Will                                                                  Would

Must                                                                  had to

- Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại thì thì của động từ chính được giữ nguyên khi chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn,thời gian và đại từ chỉ định được giữ nguyên.

* Một số chuyển đổi khác (Some other changes) : Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp mà động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ thì các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn và đại từ chỉ định được chuyển đổi theo quy tắc sau :

           Direct speech                                                    Reported speech

today /  tonight                             that day /  that night

tomorrow                                                the next day / the following day

yesterday                                                the day before /the previous day

ago  / now                                              before  / then

next/ on Monday                                   the next/ following Monday

last Monday                                          the previous Monday /  the Monday before

the day after tomorrow              in two days’ time /  two days later

this / these                                             that / those

here                                                       there

 Một số loại câu tường thật

    1. Yes- No questions:

Ex: “ Do you see new friend?” he said     He asked if you saw new friends.

           Form :      S +  said    +          ( that ) + S + V ( lùi 1 thì )

                                      told      + O +

Ex:       “ I’m leaving   here tomorrow,” said Mary

 - Mary said (that) she was leaving there the next day.

10. Would you mind/Do you mind............?

*Yêu cầu ai làm gì:  Would you mind/ Do you mind + Ving.........?

Ex :     Woud you mind clean the board ?

                                      Do you mind + if + S + V ( present tense )

I. Put the verbs in brackets into correct tenses or forms :

1. 
   Cloth bags ( use) instead of plastic bags.
   
2. 
   It's lovely ( see) you again.
   
3. 
   We are happy (receive) a lot of presents from our grandparents.
   
4. 
   Would you mind if I ( turn) on the TV ?
   
5. 
   Do you mind (play) the tape once more ?
   
6. 
   Would you mind ( tell) me how you learn English at school?
   
7. 
   The woman ( hold) a brown bag was Nam 's mother.
   
8. 
   The table (make) of metal needs repairing.
   
9. 
   The film ( show) on TV last night won the first prize in the film festival.
   
10. 
    The students( talk) to the principal are from class 8A.
    
11. 
    I (wait) for my friends outside the stadium when he ( arrive)
    
12. 
    How fast the girl ( ride) when the accident ( happen) ?
    
13. 
    Yesterday, Tuan (ask) me (go) to the station with him, but I (not/want) to leave the house because I (wait) for the call.
    
14. 
    During the study period class yesterday, it (be) hard for us to concentrate because the students net door (make) so much noise.
    
15. 
    This computer is the best one I (ever/use).
    
16. 
    This is the first time he ( visit) Quangtri.
    
17. 
    I don't know how ( answer) your questions.
    
18. 
    Keep quiet! You ( always/ talk) in class.
    
19. 
    This house ( not/ use) for a long time.
    
20. 
    My mother ( go) to see the dentist this afternoon.
    
21. 
    I decided ( stay) .................................at home and learn my lesson.
    
22. 
     When I (see) .................................you yesterday, you (play) .......................soccer in the street.
    
23. 
    Students should (work) .................................hard on their English grammar
    
24. 
    My friend Jessica (come) ……………………….. while (eat) ……………………….. dinner last night.
    
25. 
    My roommate came home late last night. I (sleep) ……….. when she (get) ………………….. home
    
26. 
    While I (watch) .......................................... TV last night, our uncle (phone)..........................................
    
27. 
    When they (come)....................................., Lan and I (do)............................................ our homework.
    
28. 
    Millions of people (visit)......................................Ha Long Bay every year.
    
29. 
    She asked him if he (remember)………………………..he address.
    
30. 
    She (do)........................................... the housework now.
    
31. 
    The window (break) ……………………….. last night.
    
32. 
    While I (wait) ……………………….. for the bus, I met Karen.
    
33. 
    When Harry (woke) ……………………….. up, we told him the good news.
    
34. 
    I don’t know where (buy) ……………………….. some things I need.
    
35. 
    I’d like you (meet) ……………………….. my mother.
    
36. 
    She has a lot of novels (write) ……………………….. in English.
    
37. 
    It’s was late, so we decide (take) ……………………….. a taxi home.
    
38. 
    We were hungry, so I suggested (have) ……………………….. dinner early.
    
39. 
    It started (rain) ……………………….. when they left home.
    
40. 
    Would you mind (close) ……………………….. the door?
    
41. 
    Don’t forget (turn ) ……………………….. off the lights before (go) ……………………….. out.
    
42. 
    She (practice)  ……………………….. her piano lesson at 7 o’clock last night.
    
43. 
    They (buy) ……………………….. some new book on Math yesterday.
    
44. 
    Lan (play) ……………….. badminton while Thu (read) ………….. comics at recess yesterday.
    
45. 
    The Brown family (build) ……………………….. that house long ago.
    
46. 
    I (send) ……………………….. my friend a parcel yesterday.
    
47. 
    Thu (talk) ……………………….. to her friend on the phone at 8 o’clock last night.
    
48. 
    My parents (be) ……………………….. very busy since then.
    
49. 
    We  (not have) ……………………….. a vacation since last year.
    
50. 
    He (live) ……………………….. here for ten years.
    
51. 
    It was late, so we decided (take) ………………………..a taxi.
    
52. 
    We were in a hungry, so I suggested (have) ………………………..dinner early.
    
53. 
    When I’m tired, I enjoy (watch) ………………………..television.
    
54. 
    Would you like (come) ………………………..to dinner on Friday?
    
55. 
    Can you help (iron) ………………………..the clothes? I hate (do) ………………………..the ironing.
    
56. 
    I begin (understand) ………………………..what you mean.
    
57. 
    I didn’t know how (get) …………………to your house so I stopped (ask) ……………………the way.
    
58. 
    After (hear) …………………..the condition, I decided (not/ enter) ……………..the competition.
    
59. 
    My mother told me (not/ stay) ………………………..up too late.
    
60. 
    I can’t (finish) ………………………..my work before noon.
    

1. 
   Every year Viet Nam export millions tons of rice.
   
2. 
   After Tet holiday Vietnamese usually plant trees in their neighborhood.
   
3. 
   How many festivals do you celebrate in you community?
   
4. 
   What have you done since you came back?
   
5. 
   They repaired our desk last week.
   
6. 
   We haven't seen him for a long time.
   
7. 
   No body has meet our grandmother since last night.
   
8. 
   The girls separated the rice from the husk.
   
9. 
   They will build a new house next year.
   
10. 
    We are going to buy a car.
    

1. 
   The tourist asked," Is it far from Hanoi ?"
   
2. 
   My mother said to me," I think you will be successful."
   
3. 
   I asked him," Do your parents speak English ?"
   
4. 
   The teacher said to us," you must try your best to study hard for your exam."
   
5. 
   Can I borrow your dictionary ?- Would you mind...................................
   
6. 
   Could you solve this math problem for me ?- Do you mind...........................
   
7. 
   The boys are in the volunteer group of Long An School. They are planting trees on the hill. ( using present participle to combine)
   
8. 
   The pen is mine. It's put in the box.( using past participle to combine)
   
9. 
   I passed all the exams. I'm happy ( adj + to inf.)
   
10. 
    You are interested in protecting environment. We are delighted. ( adj+ noun clause)
    
11. 
    He asked: " Are you free on Sunday, Lan?" ( Reported speech)
    
12. 
     They opened the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco in 1937. ( Passive form)
    
13. 
     " We are waiting for the bus", said the children. ( Reported speech)
    
14. 
     - Please tell me how can you make sticky rice cakes? ( S + V + Wh + To Inf)
    

1) Would you mind if I (sit / sat / to sit / sitting) here?

2) Did you see a boy (rode / to ride / rides / riding) a water buffalo?

3) Mount Rushmore (see / can see / can be seen / saw) from more than 100 kilometers away.

4) I asked Hoa whether she (know / knew / to know / knowing) Hoi An.

5) The boy (take / took / taken / taking) to the hospital was injured in the accident.

6) Nam is (interested / interesting / interest / interests) in the history of Viet Nam .

7) call an (airplane / air port / ambulance / accommodation). There is an injured person.

8) Cool the burns immediately so as to (make / take / award / minimize) tissue damage.

9) (carol / Christmas / Santa Claus / Patron Saint) is a religious song sung at Christmas.

10) Bob had his father (fix / fixing / to fix / fixed) his new bike yesterday.

11) Viet Nam is a rice (exporting / export / exported / exports) country.

12) They (know / knew / knowing / have known) each other for a long time.

13) (Are / Will / Did / Might) you return with your son next vacation?

14) The Christmas cards (are sent / were sent / sent / sending) out by post last week.

15) I don’t think TV was invented (in / on / since / at) the 19^th century.

16) It rained (since / while / whether / although) we were sleeping last night.

17)The (leaf / stream / lava / crop) was pouring out when we flew overhead.

18) I promise to keep this patient (away / awake / along / ahead). Believe me.

19) You must separate the rice (from / for / of / without) the husk in this contest.

20) How to (prevent / import / elevate / carve) people from throwing bottles away?

21) Don’t let the victim (get / to get / got / getting) cold. Cover him with something.

22)In summer, most children like (swimmers / swim / swims / to swim) in the rivers.

23) He passed the (marine / council / entrance / tribe) exam to the Oxford University .

24) I make a fire by rubbing pieces of (ranger / heritage / compost / bamboo) together.

25) Will you turn (off / down / on / around) TV for me? I want to watch the 7.00 news.

26) It is difficult ( remember / remembering / remembered / to remember) hers address.

27) The grand prize has been give to our team (yesterday / tomorrow / now / already).

28) Nhatrang’s one of the most famous (waterfall / tourist / prison / wharf) attractions.

29) The Christmas cards (sent / were sent / are sent) to their friends by post last week.

30) The area surrounding the temple used to be the  (jolly / royal / delicious / sterile) capital city.

31) Santa Claus is based on the (carol / edge / description / wonder) of Saint Nicholas in a poem.

32) I’m looking forward to (see / will see / saw / seeing) you soon.

33) Would you mind (keep / to keep / kept / keeping) the door open?

34) Did you see a boy (rides / to ride / riding / rode) a water buffalo?

35) Would you mind if I (take / took / will take / have taken) a photo?

36) The fire is (make / makes / making / made) in the traditional way.

37) Ease (tourist / pain / century / drugs) with ice or cold water packs.

38) Their heads are (forced / carved / lowered / decided) into the rock.

39) They had to (separate / elevate / minimize / explain) the rice from the husk.

40) Thanks for (to invite / invite / invites / inviting) me to the rice cooking festival.

41) The president will (award / climb / throw / import) the special prize to our team.

42) The lava (is pouring / pours / was pouring / will pour) out when we flew overhead.                

43) We called him (as soon as / until / although / even though) we arrived at the airport.

44) Our accommodation is (compiled / contacted / situated / included) in the ticket price.

45) The pyramid is the only (damage / winder / patient / pressure) you can still see to day.

46) They decided to (paddle / reduce / over package / sunbathe) around the lake in a canoe.

47) Santa Claus always wears  (black suit / while suit / red suit)

48) There’s an (injured / interesting / available) person, call for an ambulance from the hospital.

49) She arrived early (on / in / out) order to get a good seat

50) I’m (delighted / delight / delighting) that you broke the record

51) The radio was (repaired / repairs / repairing) by Tim

52) It’s (hard / difficulty / difficultly) to believe that he passed the exam

53) It’s difficult (remember / to remember / remembering) all these things

54) What did the Oregon government do to prevent people (off / away / from) throwing drink cans away?

55) Would you mind (when / if / where) I smoked here?

56) The man (stands / standing / stand) by the window is my uncle

57) Thanks (to / with / for) inviting me to the party

58) Motorbikes (makes / making / made) in China are cheap

59) You are always (talk / talking / talked) in Class

60) Chicago is often called “The (wind / windless / windy) city”

61) We (were / have been / are) friends for 4 rears

62) Do you know how (use / using / to use) computer?

63)I always turn off the light before going to bed (in order to / so as to / order / so that) to save electricity.

64) The ambulance will be there in about 10’. She mustn’t (fall / fell / feel / felt) asleep

65) She fell (away / from / off / out) her bike and hit her head on the road

66) He drinks a lot of coffee so as (to keep / keep / keeping / kept) him awake

67)Would you mind (to close / close / closing / closed) the door?

68) I asked Hoa (that / to / about / whether) she know Hoi An

69) We (refill / reused / reduce / collect) empty cans and bottles for recycling

70) This newspaper is made of (revived / recycled / wasted / reduced) paper

71) Liem is always (go / going / went / gone) out

72) I use these pieces of bamboo to (rub / do / make / get) the fire

73) John is interested (in / on / of / for) the history of Viet Nam

74) We had to call an (air plane / air port / ambulance / accommodation) because of an injured person

75) Who (afraid / tired / sure / compiled) of this document?

76) Would you mind if I (will turn / turned / turn / was turning) on the television?

77) We (are having / had / have had / were having) dinner when the phone rang

78) Color television (invented / was inventing / was invented / has invented) by John Logie Baird in 1928

79) He said that he (worked / works / is working / has worked) for a car company

80) It’s a (arranging flower / flower arranging / arrange flowers) contest

V/ Read the passage then write True or False for the following sentences:

Mrs Moon and her husband were swimming at Waikiki Beach as soon as they lava was pouring out when they flew over head. It was exciting. they also visited the Mount Rushmore where the heads of four American presidents are caved into the rock.

1) Mrs Moon and her husband went to Kilauea volcano in a canoe.   

2) They visited Kilauea volcano when they came to Hawaiian island.

3) There are four American presidents living on Mount Rushmore .

4) They could see the lava pouring out.

In the USA , millions of old car tires are thrown away every year. But tires can be recycled to make pipes, floor coverings, shoes and sandals. In Britain , the empty bottles of mike are cleaned and refilled. Every milk bottle can be reused thirty times. In industry. most used glass is collected and sent to the factories to be made into new glassware returned when people bring the cans back for recycle.

1) What can people do with the old car tires?     

2) What do people do with empty bottles of milk?

3) What is made into new glassware?                                  

4) What can the people bringing cans back for recycling get?

In the early 1500s, a tree was decorated and out in the market place in Riga and it becomes the Christmas tree now. In the mid-19^th century. an Englishman wanted to send Christmas greetings to his friends, so he had someone design a card. 800 years ago, Christmas songs were the stories put to music and most people enjoyed them. However, about 180 years ago, the songs really became popular. In 1823, Saint Nicholas in a poem called A visit From Saint Nicholas was a fat jolly man who wore a red suit and gave children presents an Christmas Eve. Santa Claus is based on the description of Saint Nicholas in this poem.

1) What did people put in the market place in Riga ?               

2) When did the fist Christmas greetings appear?

3) When did the Christmas songs appear?                             

4) Who was Saint Nicholas?

In the early 1500s, a tree was decorate and put in the market place in Riga and it becomes the Christmas tree now. In the mid 19^th century, an English man wanted to send Christmas greetings to his friends, so she had someone design a card, 800 years ago, Christmas songs were the stories put to music and most people enjoyed them . However, about 180 years ago, the songs really became popular. In 1823, Saint Nicholas in a poem called A Visit From Saint Nicholas was a fat jolly man who wore a red suit and gave children presents on Christmas Eve, Santa Claus is based on the  description of Saint Nicholas in this poem.

1) What did people put in the market place in Riga ?

2) When did the first Christmas greetings appear?

3) When did the Christmas songs appear?

4) Who was Saint Nicholas?

The festival was held in the communal house yard about one kilometer away from the river. There were three competitions: water-fetching, fire-making and rice-cooking. In the water-fetching contest, one person from each team had to run to the river to get the water. In the fire-making contest, two team members had to make a fire in the traditional way. Six people from each team took part in the rice-cooking contest. They had to separate the rice from the husk and then cook the rice.

1) Where was the rice-cooking festival held?                       

2) How many competitions were there in the festival?

3) How was the fire made?                                                 

4) How many persons from each team took part in the water-fetching contest?

People throw away billions of cans every year all over the world. In Oregon , the government made a new law several years ago. They said that there must be a deposit on all drink cans. The deposit is returned when people bring the cans back for recycling.

1) People throw away millions of cans every year

2) The Oregon government made a new law several years ago

3) The deposit is returned when people bring the cans back for recycling

4) It isn’t necessary to have a deposit on all drink cans

People throw away billions of cans every year all over the world. In Oregon , the government made a new law several years ago. They said that there must be a deposit on all drink cans. The deposit is returned when people ** the cans back for recycling.

1) How many cans do people throw away every year all over the world?

2) What did the Oregon government make several years ago?

3) When is the deposit returned?

4) Is it necessary to have a deposit on all drink cans?

Christmas is one of the biggest festivals in England and other western countries. Some days before Christmas, people usually send Christmas cards to their relatives and friends. They also decorate their house with Christmas trees. On Christmas Eve, they go to the church then come back home to have a big dinner. Santa Clause comes to every houses to give presents to good children

1) Who gives good children with presents to good children.

2) Where is Christmas one of the biggest festival?

3) When do they have a big dinner?

4) What do people usually do before Christmas?

In 1823, the pantron saint of children, saint Nicholas appeared in a poem called “A visit from saint Nicholas” The character in the poem was a fat jolly man who wore a red suit and gave children presents Clarke Moore, an American professor, became popular in the U.S.A. Santa Clause is based on the description of saint Nicholas in this poem

1) Who wrote the poem “ A visit from saint Nicholas” ?

2) What is Santa Clause based on ?

3) When did the patron saint of children appear?

4) When were children given presents?